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Pengaturan Hukum Laut Internasional dan Nasional dalam Pencemaran Lingkungan Hidup di Perairan Indonesia Akibat Sampah Plastik Irwan Sasradinata; Agung Pramono; Lufsiana Lufsiana
ARBITER: Jurnal Ilmiah Magister Hukum Vol 5, No 1 (2023): ARBITER: Jurnal Ilmiah Magister Hukum Mei
Publisher : Universitas Medan Area

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31289/arbiter.v5i1.1645

Abstract

Garbage in the waters causes pollution and damage to the environment and aquatic ecosystems and endangers human health. Plastic waste is a component that is difficult to decompose by natural processes so that it is harmful to aquatic ecosystems and human health. The problems examined in this paper are regulation the International Law of the Sea concerning the protection of the marine environment and the regulation of National Law in the prevention, reduction and management of environmental pollution in Indonesian waters due to plastic waste and how to enforce the law in Indonesia on environmental protection in Indonesian waters with regard to plastic waste. The research method used in this study is a normative legal research method, where the primary data is taken from international treaties and laws and regulation that have relevance in this research. The result of this study indicate that the regulation of International Law on the protection of a country’s marine environment is further regulated in the 1972 Stockholm Declaration, 1982 UNCLOS, International Maritime Organization and others, so that through these regulations countries can protect the marine environment, take all necessary actions and take responsibility. Responsible for the pollution of the marine environment, especially due to plastic waste. National Law Enforcement in Indonesia is regulated in Government Regulation in Lieu of Law Number 2 of 2022 concerning Job Creation.
Tanggung Jawab Direktur Klinik Utama yang Memperkerjakan Dokter Asing Ilegal Dalam Hal Melakukan Kelalaian Medis I Gusti Ayu Sri Wulan Wahyuningsih; Lufsiana Lufsiana; M. Khoirul Huda
Co-Value Jurnal Ekonomi Koperasi dan kewirausahaan Vol. 14 No. 11 (2024): Co-Value: Jurnal Ekonomi, Koperasi & Kewirausahaan
Publisher : Program Studi Manajemen Institut Manajemen Koperasi Indonesia Bandung

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Abstract

Dokter asing berperan penting dalam mengisi kekurangan tenaga medis di banyak negara, terutama di daerah yang membutuhkan tambahan pelayanan kesehatan, khususnya di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami bagaimana dokter asing diatur dalam peraturan hukum Indonesia, khususnya dalam UU Kesehatan No. 17 Tahun 2023. Penelitian ini menggunakan hukum normatif dengan rasionalitas penelitian ini akan mengkaji ketiadaan norma terkait sanksi pidana jika nantinya seorang dokter yang berstatus orang asing melakukan kelalaian. Pendekatan yang digunakan melalui pendekatan perundang-undangan dan dibantu dengan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa legalitas dokter asing berdasarkan hukum positif di Indonesia telah diatur dalam UU No. 17 Tahun 2023 tentang Kesehatan, namun kenyataannya masih terdapat kekurangan norma yaitu sanksi pidana bagi dokter asing yang berpraktik ilegal di Indonesia. Peraturan yang ada masih mengatur tentang dokter secara umum dan tidak mengatur lebih lanjut apakah sanksi tersebut juga dapat dikenakan kepada dokter asing. Hal ini tentu saja masih menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum. Kurangnya regulasi dokter asing dapat berdampak buruk pada pelayanan kesehatan di Indonesia. Lebih lanjut, tanggung jawab Direktur Klinik Utama yang mempekerjakan dokter asing yang berpraktik di Indonesia berdasarkan hukum pidana pada hakikatnya diatur dalam UU No. 17 Tahun 2023 tentang Kesehatan, namun peraturan yang ada masih bersifat umum yaitu pidana bagi dokter secara umum, tidak dijelaskan lebih lanjut apakah sanksi tersebut juga dapat dikenakan kepada dokter asing sesuai Pasal 440 dan Pasal 442 UU Kesehatan.
The Assessing Validity of Prima Facie Evidence in Handling the Exception of Jurisdiction in Civil Cases Dharma Setiawan Negara; Erwin Susilo; Didit Darmawan; Rommy Hardyansah; Lufsiana Lufsiana
JURNAL AKTA Vol 13, No 1 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Program Magister (S2) Kenotariatan, Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/akta.v13i1.48280

Abstract

The plea of lack of jurisdiction in civil cases is a procedural objection by the defendant challenging the court's authority to adjudicate. Theoretically, it does not involve substantive proof, as it precedes the case's merits. However, judicial practice often includes preliminary evidence, prompting scrutiny of its validity. This study examines the legal foundations of jurisdiction exceptions in Indonesian civil procedure and assesses the admissibility of preliminary evidence. Employing a normative juridical approach with legislative, case, and conceptual analysis, it reviews regulations like the Herzien Inlandsch Reglement (HIR), Rechtreglement voor de Buitengewesten (RBg), and Law No. 48 of 2009 on Judicial Power. Case studies of Interlocutory Decision No. 19/Pdt.Sus-Parpol/2018/PN Cbn and Decision No. 56/Pdt.G/2018/PN Cbn reveal judges accepting preliminary evidence in jurisdiction pleas. Findings indicate that, despite absent explicit rules, this practice aligns with principles of fast, simple, and low-cost justice under Article 2(4) of Law No. 48/2009. To prevent procedural delays, future regulations should restrict evidence to documents, per Positief Wettelijke Bewijstheorie. This research clarifies the legal framework for preliminary evidence in jurisdiction exceptions, enhancing civil justice efficiency in Indonesia.