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All Journal Daengku: Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Innovation
Badsha Mia
Department of Law, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur, Noakhali-3814, Bangladesh
Humanities Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Other

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Assessing the Effectiveness of the Village Court (VC) System in Promoting Access to Justice: A Case Study of Two Selected Villages in Noakhali, Bangladesh Badsha Mia; Seefat E Mannan; Anil Kuman Shrestha
Daengku: Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Innovation Vol. 3 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : PT Mattawang Mediatama Solution

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35877/454RI.daengku1712

Abstract

This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of the Village Court (VC) system in promoting access to justice in rural Bangladesh. The formal legal system in Bangladesh is expensive and time-consuming, making it difficult for underprivileged rural people to access justice. The VC system is a combination of formal and informal dispute resolution processes and has been initiated by the government to address the demand for access to justice for rural people. However, several obstacles have hampered the efficacy of the VC system, making it impossible to acquire public satisfaction in the justice process. This case study examines the effectiveness of the village court system in promoting access to justice in two selected villages in Noakhali district, Bangladesh. The study evaluates various factors that impact the success of the village court system, such as policies, procedures, acts, rules, oversight mechanisms, legal awareness, and resources available to Union Parishad officials and community members. The findings suggest that while the village court system is functional in some areas, it heavily relies on government-supported projects and is largely ineffective outside of these areas. The study provides recommendations for improving the effectiveness of the village court system, including necessary amendments to the village court act/rules, proper government monitoring and supervision, improved financial and human resources for the Union Parishad, and greater accountability and competency of all stakeholders. By addressing these issues, the village court system could become a vital tool for promoting access to justice in rural Bangladesh.
Navigating Barriers: Access to Justice and Legal Protection for Rohingya Refugees in Bangladesh Badsha Mia; Joynab Binta Mariam Kali; Faijul Islam
Daengku: Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Innovation Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : PT Mattawang Mediatama Solution

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35877/454RI.daengku4387

Abstract

The Rohingya refugee crisis is an immense humanitarian challenge in South Asia. More than one million Rohingya individuals from Myanmar currently reside in refugee camps in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh, due to persecution and violence in their native country. Despite Bangladesh's considerable humanitarian gesture in offering sanctuary, the lack of a legal refugee protection system has impeded the Rohingyas' ability to seek justice. Protection of justice for these stateless Rohingya refugees entails many legal, institutional, and socio-political barriers. Ensuring access to justice for these stateless Rohingya refugees requires navigating complex legal, institutional, and socio-political barriers. This study examines the justice-seeking processes available to Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh, identifies the principal barriers to accessing these mechanisms, and evaluates the effectiveness of existing legal and policy frameworks. The study used a mixed-method approach, integrating qualitative interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs), and legal content analysis, revealing that structural discrimination, absence of legal identity, inadequate institutional capacity, and restrictive national laws substantially impede access to justice. The findings reaffirm the pressing need for policy reforms, legal empowerment efforts, and enhanced institutional collaboration across state agencies, NGOs, and other international organizations. The study suggests policy recommendations to incorporate access to justice into a comprehensive framework of human rights and sustainable solutions for the Rohingya refugee crisis in Bangladesh.
Co-Authors Anil Kuman Shrestha Faijul Islam Joynab Binta Mariam Kali Seefat E Mannan