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Tjhin Wiguna
Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia – dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital. Jakarta, Indonesia
Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Experts’ Opinion on Immunity and Nutrition to Support Key Cognitive Functions Rini Sekartini; Juwalita Surapsari; Molly Dumakuri Oktarina; Tjhin Wiguna; Taufiq Fredrik Pasiak; Ray Wagiu Basrowi; Melissa Stephanie Kartjito; Erika Wasito
World Nutrition Journal Vol. 6 No. S2 (2023): Volume 06 Supplement 2, May 2023
Publisher : Indonesian Nutrition Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25220/WNJ.V06.S2.0001

Abstract

The interaction of micronutrients and macronutrients has been shown to have a significant impact on children's cognitive development. Furthermore, proper nutrition helps a child's immune system avoid infection and disease, which can impair nutrient absorption and lead to deficiency. Microbiotas in the gut play critical roles in body physiology, including nutrient absorption, infection resistance and immune system development. Furthermore, it is known that the gut microbiota influences immune cell maturation. Finally, these three factors are thought to influence neurogenesis and cognitive development. A virtual meeting was held with five invited experts to gain a better understanding of the relationship between nutritional factors, the immune system and cognitive development.
The narrative review of recent studies in understanding the relationship between gut (microbiota)-brain axis, nutrition and cognitive function Taufiq Fredrik Pasiak; Tjhin Wiguna; Rini Sekartini; Juwalita Surapsari; Tonny Sundjaya; Erika Wasito; Ray Wagiu Basrowi; Melissa Stephanie Kartjito
World Nutrition Journal Vol. 6 No. S2 (2023): Volume 06 Supplement 2, May 2023
Publisher : Indonesian Nutrition Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25220/WNJ.V06.S2.0004

Abstract

The concept of the gut (microbiota)-brain axis, which influences the development and function of the gastrointestinal, immune, neuroendocrine, and metabolic systems, is gaining popularity. Recent animal studies have demonstrated that the gut (microbiota)-brain axis also plays a role in establishing cognitive function. It is known that a disruption in the environment's microbiota balance can increase disease susceptibility in children. Historically, it has been hypothesized that neurodevelopmental disorders are the results of a disruption in children’s health. However, it is becoming clear that the gut microbiota and the central nervous system communicate in both directions, which could explain how microbiota affects cognitive function. Dietary factors also play important role in the central nervous system via the gut (microbiota)-brain axis, demonstrating the importance of nutrition in optimizing cognitive function. This narrative review of recently published studies and current knowledge aims to elucidate the relationship between the gut (microbiota)-brain axis and cognitive function, as well as the variables that may influence it.
Exploring key cognitive indicators for practical use by parents in community setting Tjhin Wiguna; Rini Sekartini; Taufiq Fredrik Pasiak; Ray Wagiu Basrowi; Melissa Stephanie Kartjito
World Nutrition Journal Vol. 6 No. S2 (2023): Volume 06 Supplement 2, May 2023
Publisher : Indonesian Nutrition Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25220/WNJ.V06.S2.0005

Abstract

The identification of child development milestones, specifically cognitive abilities, requires parental/caregiver awareness and knowledge. With the existence of multiple cognitive abilities such as attention and focus, memory, language, psychomotor skills, logic, reasoning, decision-making, problem-solving, social/emotional, there are multiple indicators to measure children's cognitive abilities. Pediatricians are the most knowledgeable and trusted authority to routinely screen and monitor the development of healthy children. Therefore, it is crucial that parents understand their children's developmental milestones so if they encounter anomalies, they can immediately consult with the professionals. This review compiles recently published research and current knowledge to examine potential key indicators of cognitive development in infants and children that can be utilized by parents and communities in an easily understood manner.
Co-Authors Erika Wasito Juwalita Surapsari Melissa Stephanie Kartjito Molly Dumakuri Oktarina Ray Wagiu Basrowi Rini Sekartini Taufiq Fredrik Pasiak Tonny Sundjaya