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Julius E. Surjawidjaja, Julius E.
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Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Alkaline peptone water plus 0.5% agar suitable for transport of Vibrio cholerae Meiyanti, Meiyanti; Salim, Oktavianus Ch.; Surjawidjaja, Julius E.; Lesmana, Murad
Universa Medicina Vol 30, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2011.v30.95-101

Abstract

Microbiological procedures for V. cholerae isolation from clinical specimens are important factors in clinical and epidemiological management of cholera. The standard preservation medium for enteric pathogenic bacteria, including V. cholerae, is Cary-Blair medium (CB), a semisolid medium for preservation and transport of specimens containing intestinal bacteria. A special medium for Vibrio organisms is alkaline peptone water (APW), which is both a transport and an enrichment medium. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the suitability of APW supplemented with 0.5% agar (APW-0.5) as a sensititive preservation-transport medium for rectal swab specimens for isolation of V. cholerae. A total of 144 paired rectal swab specimens were collected from children and adults with acute diarrhea. Of each specimen pair, one was placed in CB and the other in APW-0.5, from which they were plated out to thiosulfate citrate bile sucrose (TCBS) agar. Altogether, from both CB and APW-0.5 transported specimens, V. cholerae non-O1 was present in 29 (20.1%) specimens, while only 2 (1.4%) specimens were positive in CB and 9 (6.3%) positive in APW-0.5 transported specimens. The number of V. cholerae non-O1 isolates from APW-0.5 transported specimens was significantly higher (p=0.000) as compared to that from Cary-Blair transported specimens. It may be concluded that for isolation of V. cholerae, specimen transport in APW-0.5 medium was more effective than transport in Cary-Blair medium.
Isolation and antibiotic sensitivity of Aeromonas from children with diarrhea Meiyanti, Meiyanti; Salim, Oktavianus Ch.; Surjawidjaja, Julius E.; Lesmana, Murad
Universa Medicina Vol 29, No 1 (2010)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2010.v29.14-20

Abstract

Aeromonas species are gram-negative, motile, facultative anaerobic, rod shaped, oxidase positive bacteria of the recently assigned family Aeromonadaceae. The significance of Aeromonas species as causative agent of human diarrhoea has recently been established. The aim of the present study was to investigate the distribution, and antibiotic sensitivity of Aeromonas in nonhospitalized children with diarrhea.One hundred and seventeen rectal swabs from children with diarhhea were cultured for isolation of Aeromonas organisms as the etiological agents. In addition to Aeromonas, other enteric pathogens were also isolated. Overall, the isolates of enteric pathogens amounted to 36.8%, consisting of Salmonella, Shigella, Aeromonas, and Vibrio. Aeromonas was only found in 5.1% of cultures, with a ratio of A. caviae and A. hydrophila of 2:1, while Salmonella made up the majority of causative organisms with an isolation frequency of 18.8%, followed by Shigella with 11.1%. In this study no isolates of Vibrio cholerae O1 were found as etiological agents of diarrhea; however, V. cholerae non-O1 and V. parahaemolyticus were found in small numbers (<1%). All isolates of Aeromonas were resistant to ampicillin and tetracycline, but sensitive to ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone, as were the other enteric pathogens. Although the frequency of isolation of these enteric pathogens was higher than for Vibrio spp., their role in infective diarrhea was less clearcut in comparison with Salmonella and Shigella.
Multimicronutrient supplementation and asymptomatic urinary tract infections in the elderly Boekitwetan, Paul; Surjawidjaja, Julius E.; Aidilfit, Mahyunis; Lesmana, Murad
Universa Medicina Vol 28, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2009.v28.25-33

Abstract

As human life expectancy continues to increase, developing countries are reporting higher percentages of elderly in their respective populations. The defense mechanisms of the elderly are reduced due to several factors, such as increased susceptibility to infection, specifically urinary tract infection (UTI). A randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial was conducted to assess whether multimicronutrient supplementation is effective in reducing UTIs in older people in the community. A total of 261 elderly who lived in Mampang Prapatan district, South Jakarta, were randomised to daily multimicronutrient supplementation or control groups. The primary outcomes were the incidence of asymptomatic UTI, the organisms responsible for UTIs and the results of sensitivity tests on UTI microorganisms. UTI was defined as culture-positive urine yielding a single species of organisms in numbers greater than 104 cfu/mL urine specimen. At base-line 19.5% of the elderly had UTI, namely 23.7% patients in the MMN group and 16.7% in the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.158). Escherichia coli was the most common microorganism, isolated in 20.7% of the MMN group and 17.5% of the control group. After six months of supplementation, UTI in the MMN group decreased by 40.6% compared with only 14.4% in the control group. The numbers of E. coli also declined by 64.3% in the MMN group compared to 37.8% in the control group. This study has confirmed the beneficial effect of multimicronutrient supplementation on UTI in the elderly.
Co-Authors Mahyunis Aidilfit, Mahyunis Meiyanti Meiyanti, Meiyanti Murad Lesmana Oktavianus Ch. Salim, Oktavianus Ch. Paul Boekitwetan, Paul