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All Journal ASIAN JOURNAL FOR POVERTY STUDIES (AJPS) JABM JOURNAL of ACCOUNTING - BUSINESS & MANAGEMENT
Zumilah Zainalaludin, Zumilah
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Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Social Sciences Other

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INCOME COMPONENTS AND POVERTYAMONG OLDER MEN AND WOMEN IN MALAYSIA Ismail, Norisma Aiza; Masud, Jariah; Zainalaludin, Zumilah
ASIAN JOURNAL FOR POVERTY STUDIES (AJPS) Vol 1, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Regional Network on Poverty Eradication

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Abstract

The study aims to identify the income components and the incidence of poverty among older men and women in Malaysia. A national data on Household Income Survey (HIS) collected in year 2009-2010 was used in this study. Data from subsample of 16,325 out of 43,026 older persons was used in the analysis. The respondents comprised of 47.9% male and 52.1% female with an equal proportion living in urban and rural areas. The total net income was used to determine poverty status among respondents who reported receiving income. Income Per Capita was used to determine the poverty status. Resultsindicated thata there were 42.3% older persons did not receive any income and can be assumed to be dependent on others to support their living. Only 57.7% of the elderly received income from the four main sources namely paid employment, other earned income, property income and total current transfer income. Majority of the elderly received income from other earned income as well as total current transfer income. Overall, a higher proportion of men received income from all sources except transfer income. A small percentage of the elderly received income from paid employment. This reflects that majorityof the elderly are no longer employed. In addition, a large proportion of the elderly rely on other earned and transfer income in old age. Older women are more vulnerable to poverty in old age. Even though a higher percentage of olderpersons, especially women, received income from total current transfer, however this income component is still insufficient to address poverty among older persons. Thus, as part of productive ageing strategies, focus should be given on providing more job opportunities to enable older persons to increase their income.
Advancing Women Entrepreneurs: A Framework for Small Family Businesses Success within the Sustainable Economy Xuan, Liew Mei; Jamaluddin, Askiah; Zainalaludin, Zumilah; Yusoff, Irwan Syah Md.
Journal of Accounting, Business and Management (JABM) Vol 32 No 1 (2024): Special Issue
Publisher : STIE Malangkucecwara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31966/jabminternational.v32i1.1469

Abstract

This article introduces the Holistic Enterprise Success and Sustainability Index (HESSI), a novel framework designed to enhance the success of women-led small family businesses (SFBs) in the context of a sustainable economy. Through a comprehensive literature review and theoretical exploration, this study articulates how women entrepreneurs' perspectives are intricately aligned with both familial values and business imperatives. HESSI employs a robust suite of indicators to measure financial robustness, societal contribution, environmental stewardship, and family solidarity—each meticulously refined to reflect the specificities of women-led SFBs. These indicators transcend traditional, financial-centric metrics, advocating for an expansive evaluation of success that considers economic performance alongside social, environmental, and familial well-being. Crucially, the HESSI framework incorporates women's familial insights, positioning them as a driver of internal cohesion and a pivotal element in integrating Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) principles. This broader vision of success metrics includes family unity and the perpetuation of legacy. HESSI promotes an all-encompassing approach to success evaluation that is grounded in gender perspectives, entrepreneurial agility, and a staunch commitment to sustainability principles. The discourse presented is a significant contribution to the fields of gender, entrepreneurship, and sustainable development, providing actionable insights into the vital role of women entrepreneurs in forwarding the sustainability agenda. It underscores the importance of advancing education, reinforcing policy frameworks, and fostering community solidarity to support and extend the reach of women-led SFBs, thus charting a course towards a more equitable and sustainable future in the business landscape.
Co-Authors Jamaluddin, Askiah Jariah Masud, Jariah Norisma Aiza Ismail, Norisma Aiza Xuan, Liew Mei Yusoff, Irwan Syah Md.