<![CDATA[The learning process in schools still experiences several problems, including in helping students to have critical thinking skills. Critical thinking skills can be optimized with the development of learning resources. This research aims to develop learning resources in the form of problem-based teaching materials. The research method uses R&D (Research and Development) with a qualitative descriptive approach. Research data collection instruments in the form of interview sheets for teacher needs analysis and student needs analysis questionnaires, as well as students' critical thinking skills. The results of the needs analysis of 60 grade XI science students found that 66.7% had a handbook for learning biology, but 96.7% only had a handbook in the form of daily material, the majority of which were difficult for students to understand. So according to 78.3% of students the handbook used is inadequate as a learning resource, 86.6% of students need other learning resources to support learning activities, and 86.7% of students need other learning resources that can be understood independently. The results of the critical thinking test analysis of 50 grade XI science students were obtained 15.73%, which is included in the very low category. These results show the need to develop teaching materials in the form of problem-based digestive system interactive E-modules.Abstrak Proses pembelajaran di sekolah masih mengalami beberapa permasalahan, diantaranya dalam membantu peserta didik untuk memiliki keterampilan berpikir kritis. Keterampilan berpikir kritis dapat dioptimalkan dengan pengembangan sumber belajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sumber belajar berupa bahan ajar berbasis masalah. Metode penelitian menggunakan R&D (Research and Development) dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Instrumen pengumpulan data penelitian berupa lembar wawancara untuk analisis kebutuhan guru dan angket analisis kebutuhan siswa, serta keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa. Hasil analisis kebutuhan dari 60 siswa kelas XI IPA diperoleh 66,7% memiliki buku pegangan untuk pembelajaran biologi, namun 96,7% hanya memiliki buku pegangan berupa materi sehari-hari yang mayoritas sulit dipahami oleh siswa. Sehingga menurut 78,3% siswa buku pegangan yang digunakan kurang memadai sebagai sumber belajar, 86,6% siswa membutuhkan sumber belajar lain untuk mendukung kegiatan pembelajaran, dan 86,7% siswa membutuhkan sumber belajar lain yang dapat dipahami secara mandiri. Hasil analisis tes berpikir kritis 50 siswa kelas XI IPA diperoleh 15,73%, dimana hal tersebut termasuk kategori sangat rendah. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan perlunya mengembangkan bahan ajar berupa E-module interaktif sistem pencernaan berbasis masalah.]]>
