Leomarich F Casinillo
Department of Mathematics, Visayas State University

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A note on outer-connected hop Roman dominating function in graphs Leomarich F Casinillo
Journal of Fundamental Mathematics and Applications (JFMA) Vol 8, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jfma.v0i0.28547

Abstract

Let $G=(V(G), E(G))$ be a simple, connected, and finite graph with vertex set $V(G)$ and edge set $E(G)$.  Let $\phi: V(G) \rightarrow \{0, 1, 2\}$  be an HRDF on $G$, and for each $i\in \{0, 1, 2\}$, let  $V_i=\{u\in V(G): \phi(u)=i\}$. A function $\phi=(V_0, V_1, V_2)$ is an outer-connected hop Roman dominating function (OcHRDF) on $G$ if, for every $v\in V_0$, there exists $u\in V_2$ such that $d_G(u, v)=2$ and either $V_1=V(G)$ or the sub-graph $\langle V_0 \rangle$ is connected. The weigth of OcHRDF $\phi$ denoted by $\widetilde{\omega}_G^{chR}(\phi)$ and defined by $\widetilde{\omega}_G^{chR}(\phi)=\sum_{v\in V(G)}\phi(v)$=|V_1|+2|V_2|$. The outer-connected hop Roman domination number of $G$ is denoted by $\widetilde{\gamma}_{chR}(G)$ and defined by $\widetilde{\gamma}_{chR}(G)=min\{$\widetilde{\omega}_G^{chR}(\phi): \phi is an OcHRDF  on G\}$. Moreover, any OcHRDF $\phi$ on $(G)$ with $\widetilde{\gamma}_{chR}(G)=$\widetilde{\omega}_G^{chR}(\phi)$ is called $\overline{\gamma}_{chR}$-function on $G$. In this paper, a new restricted parameter of a hop Roman domination in graphs is introduced, and some combinatorial properties are discussed.