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All Journal CHEMICA Jurnal Teknik Kimia Equilibrium Journal of Chemical Engineering
Maudy Pratiwi Novia Matovanni
Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta, Indonesia
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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Synthesis and Thermal Stability of Cassava Starch-Grafted Polyacrylamide Hydrogel by Microwave-Assisted Method Maudy Pratiwi Novia Matovanni; Sperisa Distantina; Mujtahid Kaavessina
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 10, No 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v10i1.25785

Abstract

Cassava starch-grafted polyacrylamide (CSt-g-PAM) hydrogels were generated by grafting cassava starch as the backbone, acrylamide as the monomer, and potassium peroxodisulfate as the initiator. In this work, we investigated the effect of monomer concentration and irradiation time on the thermal stability of CSt-g-PAM.  Cassava starch, acrylamide, and KPS were added to the distilled water, and microwaves were used to help with grafting. The grafting process was carried out using an irradiation-cooling cycle. The cycle was repeated until a gel was formed for 180 seconds (6 cycles). The gel formed was soaked in acetone until a precipitate formed. The precipitate obtained was dried in an oven at 50 ºC for 24 hours. The dried precipitated CSt-g-PAM was used in the characterization process. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) was used to determine the crystalline structure of CSt-g-PAM. The thermogravimetric (TGA) study of CSt-g-PAM revealed its thermal stability. The XRD spectra of  CSt-g-PAM revealed that the cassava starch backbone was effectively grafted with polyacrylamide. TGA showed that CSt-g-PAM has much higher thermal stability than native cassava starch. The greatest performance was obtained by preparing CSt-g-PAM with 10 g of acrylamide and 180 s irradiation time, as evidenced by the highest percentage of residual weight in the TGA findings. The thermal stability features of CSt-g-PAM make it interesting for use in EOR applications.
The Prospects and Challenges of Biopolymers for Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) Maudy Pratiwi Novia Matovanni; Muhammad Nur Ikhsanudin; Rizky Ibnufaatih Arvianto; Joko Waluyo; Sperisa Distantina; Mujtahid Kaavessina; Sunu Herwi Pranolo
Equilibrium Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 7, No 1 (2023): Volume 7, No 1 July 2023
Publisher : Program studi Teknik Kimia UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/equilibrium.v7i1.73947

Abstract

Abstract. Currently, Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) technology is being interested in the Indonesian state as an advanced technology that can recover oil remaining in the reservoir. The discovery of new resources and EOR efforts are predicted to result in increased oil production. This paper provides a review of main types of EOR methods, which are gas injection, thermal injection, and chemical injection; mechanism of polymer flooding; and biopolymer materials for EOR, attention were given to xanthan gum, cellulose, guar gum, and lignin. Polymer flooding is a low-cost chemical injection method with a high rate of success. Polymer flooding has several advantages, including improving oil recovery by minimizing residual oil saturation, decreasing water output from oil well, and requiring less water compared with water flooding. Since the use of polymer flooding in the EOR activities, there is a lot of potential that biopolymers are materials that play a significant role in the application of EOR technology, because environmentally friendly properties and have advantages over synthetic polymers. Biopolymer can be modified to nano materials or grafted with synthetic polymer to improve its properties and stability. It have shear, salinity, and temperature resistance, long-term stability, and large availability, so it making the right choice for applications in oil recovery.Keywords:Enhanced oil recovery, EOR, biopolymer, polymer flood, modification of biopolymer
Co-Authors Joko Waluyo Muhammad Nur Ikhsanudin Mujtahid Kaavessina Mujtahid Kaavessina Rizky Ibnufaatih Arvianto Sperisa Distantina Sperisa Distantina Sunu Herwi Pranolo