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Evolution and recent progress of Computed Tomography Scan (CT- Scan) yosafat valdino; jonannes a. pradana; niken t. listyorini
Liaison Journal of Engineering Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): Volume III
Publisher : Liaison Journal of Engineering

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Abstract

The CT Scan (Computed Tomography) has been an integral instrument for the medical field to observe and diagnose patients. Throughout time, the CT scan has been developed over generations; from the first and up to the seventh generation. These developments were to ensure a shorter duration of scan-time (from 25 minutes down to a matter of a few seconds), higher resolution of imaging with low levels of noise, simple and quick to calibrate, and reduce the radiation dosage on the patients. One key development of the CT scan is the invention of multi-slice. This generates clearer images with better resolution compared to the previous generations. The CT scan is still developing as a technology, and looking towards the future, more compact designs of the CT scanner are being developed and the design is being streamlined to allow automation of the process. Keywords: CT Scan; Report; Liaison Journal of Engineering; International University Liaison Indonesia
INVESTIGATION OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF CITRONELLA OIL FOR DETERMINING THE CONCENTRATION OF CITRONELLAL COMPOUND andry tiawan; tutun nugraha; niken t. listyorini
Liaison Journal of Engineering Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): Volume III
Publisher : Liaison Journal of Engineering

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This journal explores the physical and chemical properties of citronella oils extracted from Cymbopogon species, known for their insect-repellent qualities, essential oils and cosmetic applications. The aim is to determine the relation between concentration of citronellal and its properties for further research. The study analyzes density, refractive index, color, solubility, and utilizes GC-MS analysis. Different citronella oil samples with varying citronellal compositions are examined. The results show variations in properties among samples with different concentrations. Density and refractive index had the potential for determining citronellal concentration. GC-MS analysis identifies and quantifies components, with a focus on citronellal. The refractive index is inversely proportional to the concentration. The relation between the value of refractive index and citronella concentration is (y = -0.0002x + 1.4773) with R2 = 0.9934. Refractive index analysis has the strongest potential to be used as field method of measurement due to its higher resolution nature and ease of it use by untrained persons. Keywords: Citronella, Citronellal, Geraniol, Physicochemical Properties, Density, Refractive Index