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GN Akpa, GN
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science Veterinary

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Factors Influencing Milk Yield Characteristics in Bunaji and Friesian x Bunaji Cows in Northern Nigeria Alphonsus, C; Essien, IC; Akpa, GN; Barje, PP
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 13, No 3 (2011): September
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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This study was conducted to determine the effect of hemoglobin(Hb) type, breed, sex and season of calving on milk yield characteristics of Bunaji and Friesian x Bunaji cows. The experimental animals consisted of 24 Bunaji and 26 (F1) cross bred (Friesian x Bunaji) cows. The milk yield characteristics were initial milk yield (IMY), end of lactation yield (ELY), peak yield (PY), total milk yield (TMY), and lactation length (LL). The mean values of the milk yield characteristics were 13.69 kg, 61.25 kg, 10.87 kg, 1740 kg and 325.92 days for IMY, PY, ELY, TMY and LL, respectively. These milk yield characteristics were highly variable, with their CV ranging from 11.60 (LL) to 83.00 (IMY). Hb-type significantly influenced milk yield characteristics of the cows. The HbAA was superiorin IMY, PY and TMY compared to HbAB and HbBB. The HbABwas superior in ELY, while HbBB had the longest LL of 343 days. Breed significantly influenced milk yield characteristics except IMY. The Friesian x Bunaji cows were superior to Bunaji in allthe milk yield characteristics. Sex of calves had significant effecton IMY, and LL but not on PY, ELY and TMY. Cows bearing female calves were superior to cows bearing male calves in IMY, while cows with male calves had longer LL. Season of calving significantly affected the milk yield characteristics of cows. Early wet season was superior in IMY and PY, while late wet season had higher PY, ELY, and LL. The TMY was higher and statistically the same in both early wet and late wet season, while the early dry season had the least TMY. In view of the significant influence of  these factors on milk yield characteristics of these cows it is therefore important to take them into consideration in any selection programme aim at improving the milk yield characteristics of the cows.Key Words: Bunaji, Friesian, hemoglobin, milk yield characteristicsAnimal Production 13(3):143-149 (2011)
Genetic and Non-Genetic Factors Affecting Litter Size and Birth Weight of Rabbit in Minna, Niger State, Nigeria Egena, SSA; Akpa, GN; Alemede, IC; Aremu, A
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 14, No 3 (2012): September
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract. Genetic and non-genetic factors influencing litter size and birth weight of rabbit was evaluated using New Zealand White and Chinchilla breeds. Parameters measured were total number of kittens born per litter, number of litter born alive, live litter birth weight and average litter birth weight. Results of the experiment revealed that dam breed had no significant affect on total number of kittens born per litter, number of litter born alive and average litter birth weight while live litter birth weight were affected. Sire breed and month of birth did not significantly influenced all the parameters measured. Heritability estimates were low to moderate for all the traits (0.27 to 0.44), while repeatability estimates were observed to be low (0.17 to 0.26). No heritability and repeatability values were estimated for average litter birth weight of kittens due to negative genetic variance. Significant correlations were found between litter size traits and birth weight. Correlation between litter size traits and average litter birth weight, as well as live litter birth weight and average litter birth weight were observed to be non-significant.Keywords: rabbit, litter size, birth weight, genetic, non-geneticAbstrak. Faktor-faktor genetis dan non-genetis yang mempengaruhi litter size dan bobot lahir kelinci diteliti menggunakan kelinci bangsa New Zealand White and Chinchilla. Parameter yang diukur adalah jumlah anak sekelahiran, jumlah anak sekelahiran hidup, bobot lahir anak sekelahiran hidup, dan rataan bobot lahir anak sekelahiran. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa bangsa dari induk tidak berpengaruh secara nyata terhadap jumlah anak sekelahiran, jumlah anak sekelahiran hidup, rataan bobot lahir anak sekelahiran, sedangkan pengaruhnya terhadap bobot lahir anak sekelahiran hidup adalah nyata.  Bangsa dari pejantan dan bulan saat kelahiran tidak berpengaruh pada semua peubah yang diukur. Taksiran heritabilitas pada semua peubah adalah rendah hingga sedang (0,27 - 0,44), sedangkan taksiran nilai repitabilitas adalah rendah (0,17 - 0,26). Nilai heritabilitas dan repitabilitas tidak diperoleh pada peubah rataan bobot lahir anak sekelahiran karena variansi genetisnya negatif. Korelasi yang nyata diperoleh pada jumlah anak sekelahiran dan bobot lahir. Korelasi yang tidak nyata diperoleh antara jumlah anak sekelahiran dengan rataan bobot lahir anak sekelahiran, serta bobot lahir anak sekelahiran hidup dengan rataan bobot lahir anak sekelahiran.Kata kunci: kelinci, jumlah anak sekelahiran, bobot lahir, genetis, non-genetis SSA Egena et al/Animal Production 14(3):160-166, September 2012
Relationship Between Gestation Length and Birth Weight in Nigerian Sheep and Their Crosses Iyiola-Tunji, AO; Akpa, GN; Nwagu, BI; Adeyinka, IA; Osuhor, CU; Lawal, TT; Ojo, OA
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 12, No 3 (2010): September
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Effect of genotype and birth weight on gestation length was evaluated using Nigerian breeds of sheep and their crosses. The study was carried out at the Sheep Project Unit of Small Ruminant Research Programme (SRRP) of National Animal Production Research Institute (NAPRI), Ahmadu Bello University, Shika-Zaria. The sheep breeds used were Balami, Uda and Yankasa. Heat (estrus) detection was carried out twice daily; in the morning (07:00-08:00 hours); and in the evening (16:00-17:00 hours) using apron fitted rams to pick does on heat. A total of 56 lambs were used for this study. The data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance using General Linear Model and Correlation Procedure of SAS. All the genotypes had similar gestation length with values between 150.3±0.61 days and 153.3±0.60 days, except for Balami pure breed (BAL X BAL) lambs that recorded a shorter gestation length (137.1±0.81 days). There was a wide variation in the birth weight of lambs with the crosses between Balami rams and Yankasa ewes recording a distinct birth weight of 3.5±0.08 kg while the crosses obtained using Yankasa rams on Uda and Balami ewes gave the lowest birth weights (1.7±0.19 and 1.4±0.18, respectively). Sex and litter type have no significant effect (P>0.05) on gestation length. Birth weight was however affected by sex of lambs and their litter type. Litter type was negatively correlated with birth weight (-0.372). Gestation length had a low and non-significant relationship with birth weight; litter type and lamb genotype. Lamb genotype does not have a significant relationship with litter type. Genetic improvement of Nigeria sheep breed is possible if the resources of within and between breed is exploited. Selection for a reduction in gestation length may indirectly increase prolificacy. (Animal Production 12(3): 135-138 (2010)Key Words : gestation length, birth weight, Nigerian Sheep
Co-Authors A Aremu, A AO Iyiola-Tunji, AO BI Nwagu, BI C Alphonsus, C CU Osuhor, CU IA Adeyinka, IA IC Alemede, IC IC Essien, IC OA Ojo, OA PP Barje, PP SSA Egena, SSA TT Lawal, TT