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Agil Novriansa
Universitas Sriwijaya, Indonesia
Economics, Econometrics & Finance

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OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE AND AUDIT FEES IN INDONESIA Agil Novriansa; Asfeni Nurullah; Aryanto Aryanto
JRAK Vol 15 No 2 (2023): October Edition
Publisher : Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Pasundan, Bandung, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23969/jrak.v15i2.9532

Abstract

Different types of ownership structures provide distinct corporate monitoring mechanisms, thus affecting the magnitude of company audit fees. This study aims to empirically examine the relationship between ownership structure and audit fees in Indonesia from the agency theory perspective. The sample comprises non-financial companies listed in the Indonesian capital market over 2015-2021. Based on the purposive sampling results, the final number of observations in this research is 931 company-years. This study employs pooled OLS panel data regression with robust standard error. Results indicate that non-executive director ownership, family ownership, financial institution ownership, and non-financial institution ownership are negatively related to audit fees. Additionally, managerial ownership and foreign ownership are positively related to audit fees. However, the study does not find a positive relation between government ownership and audit fees. Overall, the results of this research support the agency theory, with a focus on the assumption of convergence of interest.
THE MODERATING ROLE OF BOARD GENDER DIVERSITY ON THE RELATIONSHIP OF ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL AND GOVERNANCE, CAPITAL INTENSITY TO TAX AVOIDANCE Mukhtaruddin Mukhtaruddin; Luk Luk Fuadah; Imam Asngari; Agil Novriansa; Umi Kalsum; Hani Siahaan
JRAK Vol 18 No 1 (2026): April Edition
Publisher : Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Pasundan, Bandung, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23969/jrak.v18i1.35419

Abstract

This research explores corporate tax avoidance (TA) by assessing the roles of capital intensity (CI) and environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance, while also considering board gender diversity (BGD) as a moderating factor within non-financial firms in ASEAN. The study is based on panel data from 185 companies observed over a five-year timeframe. The empirical evidence demonstrates that ESG engagement is significantly associated with variations in tax avoidance behavior, indicating that firms with stronger ESG commitments tend to adopt distinct tax strategies. Capital intensity is also identified as a key determinant, showing a stable and statistically significant relationship across all estimation models. To enhance analytical rigor, firm-level characteristics such as profitability (ROA), leverage (DER), and company size (FS) are included as control variables. Moreover, the findings reveal that board gender diversity strengthens the interaction between capital intensity and tax avoidance, highlighting the importance of governance structure in shaping corporate tax decisions. The study further observes a notable rise in tax avoidance activities among ASEAN firms during the COVID-19 period, both in immediate and extended horizons. These results underline the urgency for regulators to implement more robust ESG disclosure standards to improve transparency and ensure more effective tax supervision.
Co-Authors Aryanto Aryanto Asfeni Nurullah Hani Siahaan Imam Asngari Luk Luk Fuadah Mukhtaruddin Mukhtaruddin Umi Kalsum