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All Journal Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
Herman -
Jurusan Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Riau, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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Pengetahuan Tumbuhan Obat Dukun Sakai Desa Sebangar Duri Tiga Belas dan Desa Kesumbo Ampai Duri Kabupaten Bengkalis Yulisa Resti Irawan; Fitmawati -; Herman -
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 5, No 1 (2013): March 2013
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v5i1.2571

Abstract

Indonesia memiliki keanekaragaman hayati yang tinggi dengan 13.466 pulau yang termasuk kedalam 33 provinsi dengan berbagai suku dan budaya. Keanekaragaman tumbuhan yang tinggi, berpadu dengan budaya etnik yang ada menghasilkan sistem pengetahuan dan budaya yang terkait dengan pemanfaatan tumbuhan yang ada. Budaya pengobatan dan penggunaan tumbuhan obat sudah berkembang lama dan diwariskan secara turun-temurun. Modernisasi menggerus tradisi dan pengetahuan pengobatan tradisional dan penggunaan tumbuhan obat di Suku Sakai Duri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang pengetahuan tumbuhan obat secara tradisional di Suku Sakai. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif, wawancara dan survey langsung di lapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada 250 jenis tumbuhan obat yang digunakan oleh suku Sakai yang berasal dari Desa Sebangar dan Desa Kesumbo Ampai. Berdasarkan familinya kelompok Zingiberaceae lebih banyak digunakan di Sebagar, sedangkan Famili Annonaceae lebih banyak digunakan di Desa Kesumbo Ampai. Berdasarkan bagian tanaman yang digunakan daun merupakan organ yang paling bayak digunakan di kedua tempat, sedangkan berdasarkan habitus tumbuhan berhabitus pohon lebih umum digunakan di kedua tempat.Indonesia have the high natural resources and biodiversity with 13.466 islands in 33 provinces with various of ethnics and cultures. The high plant diversity combined with the variety of ethnics might result in the diversity of knowledge system of relationship between the society cultures and their plants cultures. The traditional treatment cultures and use the medicinal plants have been evolving for centuries that have been conserved from generation to generation. The presence of culture modernization has caused erosion of traditional knowledge of the society especially in the medicinal plants knowledge of Sakai Duri and Duri 13 ethnics. The aim of this study was to collect the information about the medicinal plant knowledge in Sakai ethnic. This study used descriptive method to collect all informations about the medicinal plant knowledge. The study has found 250 species of medicinal plants used by Sakai ethnic in Sebangsar Village and Kesumbo Ampai Village. Based on the family, the plants from Zingiberaceae family have been used more intensively by the society of Sebangar village, whereas the plants from Annonaceae family have been used more intensively by the people in Kesumbo Ampai village. The organ or part of the plants that is mostly used in both village was leave organ/part. Based on the habitus, the trees are mostly used in both sites and there were 35 tree species used in Sebangsar village compared to 42 species in Kesumbo Ampai village.
Karakter Morfologi dan Pertumbuhan Tiga Jenis Cacing Tanah Lokal Pekanbaru pada Dua Macam Media Pertumbuhan Dewi Indriyani Roslim; Dini Septya Nastiti; Herman -
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 5, No 1 (2013): March 2013
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v5i1.2567

Abstract

Limbah organik dari limbah rumah tangga, pertanian, perkebunan, dan peternakan sering menimbulkan masalah, karena mencemari lingkungan. Cacing tanah dapat menggunakan limbah organik tersebut sebagai media pertumbuhannya dan juga merombaknya menjadi pupuk kasting. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pertumbuhan tiga jenis cacing tanah yang ditemui di kota Pekanbaru pada dua media pertumbuhan. Tiga jenis cacing tanah yang diteliti adalah Amynthas aspergillum (Cacing Gila Bodoh), Perionyx sp1 (Cacing Merah), dan Perionyx sp2 (Cacing Susu). Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Faktorial Lengkap. Masing-masing cacing tanah ditumbuhkan pada dua media, yaitu serasah dan campuran kotoran sapi+tanah, di dalam pot plastik. Medium tanpa cacing tanah digunakan sebagai kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan cacing tanah Amynthas aspergillum (Cacing Gila Bodoh), Perionyx sp1 (Cacing Merah), dan Perionyx sp2 (Cacing Susu) memiliki perbedaan karakter morfologi pada panjang tubuh, warna kulit, jumlah segmen, tipe prostomium, jumlah seta per segmen, warna dan posisi klitellum, posisi dan jumlah lubang jantan. Medium campuran kotoran sapi+tanah lebih cocok untuk pertumbuhan Perionyx sp2 (Cacing Susu), media serasah untuk pertumbuhan Amynthas aspergillum (Cacing Gila Bodoh), dan media kotoran sapi saja tanpa penambahan tanah untuk Perionyx sp1 (Cacing Merah).Organic waste produced from household, agriculture, plantation, and animal husbandry may cause environmental pollution. Earthworms can utilize this organic waste for their growth medium and decompose them to produce casting fertilizer. The objective of this study was to analyze the growth of three earthworm species from Pekanbaru using two types of media, i.e. Perionyx sp1 (Cacing Merah), Perionyx sp2 (Cacing Susu), and Amynthas aspergillum (Cacing Gila Bodoh). All these earthworms were grown in litter media and manure-soil mixture. Media without the earthworms were used as control. The experiment design used in this study was Full Factorial Random Design. The results showed Amynthas aspergillum (Cacing Gila Bodoh), Perionyx sp1 (Cacing Merah), dan Perionyx sp2 (Cacing Susu) had distinct morphological characters such as the body length, skin colour, segment number, prostomium type, setae number per segment, clitellum colour and position, and also the number and position of male genital hole. The most suitable medium for each Amynthas aspergillum (Cacing Gila Bodoh), Perionyx sp1 (Cacing Merah), and Perionyx sp2 (Cacing Susu) were litter, cow manure, and cow manure+soil mixture media, respectively.
Analisis Keanekaragaman Sagu (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) pada Tiga Tipe Habitat di Pulau Padang Kepulauan Meranti Yeni Rahayu; Fitmawati -; Herman -
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 5, No 1 (2013): March 2013
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v5i1.2569

Abstract

Pulau Padang memiliki areal penanaman sagu (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.). Menurut pengetahuan masyarakat lokal terdapat tiga tipe habitat kebun sagu di Pulau Padang, yaitu Gambut, Kilang Manis, dan habitat bertanah liat. Produktifitas sagu berkorelasi dengan ketiga tipe habitat tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengungkap keanekaragaman sagu pada tiga tipe habitat di Pulau Padang dan menentukan tipe habitat yang mendukung produktifitas sagu yang tinggi, sebagai informasi dasar bagi upaya konservasi habitat sagu. Sebanyak 19 individu sagu telah dikoleksi dari tiga tipe habitat dan diamati karakter morfologi dan agronominya. Hasil karakterisasi ditemukan tiga tipe variasi sagu yaitu sagu duri, sagu sengke, dan sagu bemban. Analisis kluster menunjukan bahwa tanaman sagu mengelompok pada tiga kelompok utama berdasarkan asal habitat dan keberadaan durinya pada tingkat kesamaan 31-88%. Berdasarkan analisis komponen utama membagi tanaman sagu menjadi 5 kelompok, cenderung mengelompok juga berdasarkan asal habitat dan keberadaan duri dengan nilai akumulasi keragaman dua komponen utama 58%. Tipe habitat kilang manis direkomendasikan sebagai habitat sagu yang perlu dikonservasi di pulau Padang.Padang Island has a large sago plantation areas. Indigeneous people recognize three habitat types of sago in Padang island, i.e. peat, kilang manis and clay soil. The productivity of sago is closely correlated to the habitat types. The aims of this research were to reveal the diversity of Sago palms in three habitat types in Padang Island and to determine the habitat types which support high productivity of sago as the information base for conservation of sago habitats. The nineteen sago individuals were collected from three habitats and their morphological and agronomic characters were observed. The result of sago characterization obtained three variations of sago in Padang Island, namely Duri, Sengke and Bemban. The cluster analysis showed that sago dendrograms, which was grouped into three main groups based on similarities of origin and the presence of spines with 31-88% similarity coefficient. The principal component analysis classified the diversity of sago into five groups with 58% accumulated value of diversity. Furthermore, Kilang manis, which in recent study is known as a part of Peat habitat, needs to be conserved for sago plantation area.
Co-Authors Dewi Indriyani Roslim Dini Septya Nastiti Fitmawati - Yeni Rahayu Yulisa Resti Irawan