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All Journal Jurnal Penelitian Fisika dan Aplikasinya (JPFA) UPEJ : Unnes Physics Education Journal
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Universitas Negeri Semarang
Astronomy Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics

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Optical and Electrical Characterization of ZnO:Ga₂O₃ Thin Films Synthesized by MASP for Oxygen Gas Sensor Applications Sulhadi; Hendra Dwi Gunawan; Putut Marwoto; Sugianto; Fristian Rifita; Hendi Prawiro Raharjo; Agus Nu'man
Jurnal Penelitian Fisika dan Aplikasinya (JPFA) Vol. 15 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/jpfa.v15n2.p132-144

Abstract

This study investigates the effect of oxygen (O₂) exposure on the optical and electrical properties of ZnO:Ga₂O₃ thin films synthesized by the Microwave-Assisted Spray Pyrolysis (MASP) method. A 3% Ga₂O₃ doping level was used as the optimal composition to enhance the film’s stability and conductivity. After deposition and annealing at 450 °C, the films were exposed to O₂ gas at pressures ranging from 0 to 400 mTorr to evaluate their oxygen detection capability. Optical properties were characterized using UV–Vis spectroscopy, while electrical measurements were performed with an IV-meter employing the two-point probe method. The results show that the optical band gap increased from 3.19 eV to 3.23 eV with rising O₂ pressure due to the Burstein–Moss effect, indicating a shift of the Fermi level and carrier concentration change upon oxygen adsorption. Simultaneously, the electrical resistance increased from 1.05 × 10⁷ Ω to 1.25 × 10⁷ Ω, attributed to the formation of a surface depletion layer that reduces the density of free carriers. In addition, the sensitivity increased from 1.90% at 100 mTorr to 19.05% at 400 mTorr, indicating an increasingly pronounced electrical response with increasing oxygen pressure. The positive correlation between band gap and resistance confirms that oxygen exposure directly affects the film’s optoelectronic behavior. With high transparency, structural stability, and linear response to oxygen, the ZnO:Ga₂O₃ thin film demonstrates strong potential for real-time oxygen sensing applications.
Pengembangan E-Modul Berbasis Socio-Scientific Issues (SSI) pada Materi Kesetimbangan Benda Tegar untuk Meningkatkan Literasi Sains Secho Nur Faizah; Sugianto
Unnes Physics Education Journal Vol. 14 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/upej.v14i3.26668

Abstract

Science literacy is one of the skills of learners who are still low. The development of teaching materials focusing on real-world environmental issues by integrating technology through the Socio-Scientific Issues (SSI) approach is expected to improve the science literacy skills of 21st century learners. This study aims to determine the feasibility, effectiveness, and practicality of e-modules in improving the ability of science literacy of students. This research is included in Research & Development (R&D) research with the ADDIE development model (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluate). At the implementation stage, the experimental design used was a pre-experimental design with a one group pretest-posttest design approach. The subjects in the study involved 35 students XI-5 SMAN 3 Tegal determined through purposive sampling technique. The data collection instruments used were expert validation sheets, science literacy tests, and student response questionnaires. The results showed that the developed e-module was valid and feasible to use in learning with a validity score of 94% on the material aspect and 95% on the media aspect, both of which were included in the “very feasible” category. The results of the trial use of e-modules obtained an average N-gain score of 0.50 with a “moderate” improvement category. The e-module obtained a percentage of practicality from students' responses of 83% with the category “very practical” so that it is easy to use in learning. The developed SSI-based e-module meets the criteria of valid, effective, and practical to improve students' science literacy.
Pengembangan E-Modul Berbasis Masalah dengan Pendekatan Etno-STEM pada Materi Gelombang Bunyi untuk Meningkatkan Minat dan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Neni Nur Afia; Sugianto; Ellianawati; Isa Akhlis
Unnes Physics Education Journal Vol. 14 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/upej.v14i3.26691

Abstract

Learners' perception that physics is difficult and low interest in learning cause learning outcomes to decline. The Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model encourages students' activeness through exploration and discussion, while the ethno-STEM approach makes learning contextual with Javanese culture by improving 21st century skills. This study aims to develop a problem-based e-module with an ethno-STEM approach on sound waves material to increase interest and learning outcomes. Using the Research and Development (R&D) research type with the ADDIE method and One Group Pre-Test Post-Test design, small-scale trials were conducted in class XII-9 and large-scale in class XI-4 SMA Negeri 1 Ngawen. The results showed: (1) E-modules obtained an average score from validators of 89.42% with a very feasible category; (2) Learning interest increased by 4.25% with N-gain 0.13 and effect size 1.651, while learning outcomes increased by 27.21% with N-gain 0.46 and effect size 1.800. There was a moderately positive correlation between the increase in interest and learning outcomes (0.456); (3) Practicality reached 76.04% (class XII-9) and 73.92% (class XI-4) with the practical category. Problem-based e-modules with ethno-STEM approach proved to be feasible, effective, and practical for learning sound waves.
Co-Authors Agus Nu'man Ellianawati, Ellianawati Fristian Rifita Hendi Prawiro Raharjo Hendra Dwi Gunawan Isa Akhlis Neni Nur Afia Putut Marwoto Secho Nur Faizah Sulhadi