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All Journal Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Donna Diva Widyantari
Universitas Mataram
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology

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Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Children: Diagnosis and Management Rike Delya Rizkina; Ananda Rizkia; Donna Diva Widyantari; Ghina Syafinatunnajah; Grandis Cristagalli; Irsyadina Hasana Bharata; Izza Mufida; Yoga Pamungkas Susani
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 23 No. 1 (2023): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v23i4b.5820

Abstract

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by increased blood sugar levels over time. This disease is caused by the presence of impaired insulin secretion, impaired insulin action, or both. The method used in writing this article is literature study. The literature study was carried out by searching published articles regarding the diagnosis and management of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in children. Diagnosis is determined based on typical symptoms including polydipsia, polyuria, and decline body weight accompanied by blood sugar measurements. Components of managing T1DM (Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus) including (1) education; (2) insulin administration; (3) diet management; (4) physical activity; (5) self-monitoring; and (6) psychosocial therapy. Management of diabetes is necessary to achieve metabolic control optimally, preventing acute complications, microvascular or macrovascular complications, as well to improve the psychological aspects of patients and families.
Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Risk Factors and Diagnosis Ghina Syafinatunnajah; Ananda Rizkia; Donna Diva Widyantari; Ni Pt Wr Pradnya Nirmala Putri; Catarina Budyono
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 23 No. 1 (2023): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v23i1.5750

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma, also known as hepatocarcinoma, is the most frequent type of primary liver cancer and the world's second leading cause of death, with a mortality rate of 700.000 per year. Due to the difficulty in diagnosing hepatocarcinoma because there are no obvious symptoms, the survival rate of hepatocarcinoma patients is still very low, particularly in Southeast Asian countries. Hepatocarcinoma is still a major health issue in Indonesia, with a very low median survival rate. The number of risk factors that cause hepatocarcinoma is what causes differences in hepatocarcinoma incidence across countries. This literature review aims to determine risk factors and to confirm the diagnosis of hepatocarcinoma. This literature review was conducted using the keywords “Hepatocellular Carcinoma AND risk factors AND diagnosis” from PubMed, Google Scholar, and non-peer-reviewed literature. This article uses 16 articles that were used as references in its preparation. In conclusion, hepatitis B and C virus, liver cirrhosis, fatty liver disease, diabetes, alcohol use, aflatoxin exposure, aristolochic acid exposure, smoking, and HIV are risk factors for hepatocarcinoma. On all individuals with hepatocarcinoma risk factors, screening procedures with US and AFP were carried out. An abdominal CT scan or an MRI with contrast can both be used to provide a firm diagnosis of hepatocarcinoma. A liver biopsy is used to confirm the diagnosis of space-occupying lesions that lack typical imaging characteristics.
Co-Authors Ananda Rizkia Catarina Budyono Ghina Syafinatunnajah Grandis Cristagalli Irsyadina Hasana Bharata Izza Mufida Ni Pt Wr Pradnya Nirmala Putri Rike Delya Rizkina Yoga Pamungkas Susani