Muhammad Iqbal
Institut Teknologi Kalimantan

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Temporary Immunity in a Fractional-Order SEIR Model: Stability Analysis Muhammad Iqbal; Mohammad Januar Ismail Burhan; Adam Adam
CAUCHY: Jurnal Matematika Murni dan Aplikasi Vol 11, No 1 (2026): CAUCHY: JURNAL MATEMATIKA MURNI DAN APLIKASI
Publisher : Mathematics Department, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/cauchy.v11i1.40849

Abstract

Infectious disease has become a serious problem over the past few years. At the same time, research on disease dynamics keeps advancing, especially on diseases caused by viruses. One concept that has been used in epidemic models is fractional calculus, or more specifically, fractional differential equations. This paper discusses the analytical properties of a fractional-order SEIR model, which are then verified by numerical simulations. Analytical results have shown that the global asymptotic stability of disease-free equilibrium is achieved when the basic reproduction number is equal to or less than 1, while endemic equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable when the value is greater than 1. Simulation results from Explicit Fractional Order Runge-Kutta (EFORK) method are confirmed to be in agreement with the basic properties provided by the analysis. The results also illustrate the impact of fractional-order and recovery rate on temporary immunity, which indicates that smaller fractional-orders converge faster compared to larger orders.