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Nanny Kusminingrum
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EFEKTIFITAS REDUKSI POLUSI UDARA DENGAN METODE VERTICAL GARDEN (THE EFFECTIVENESS OF AIR POLLUTION REDUCTION WITH VERTICAL GARDEN METHOD) Nanny Kusminingrum
Jurnal Jalan-Jembatan Vol 33 No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Direktorat Bina Teknik Jalan dan Jembatan

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ABSTRAK  Kontribusi gas buang kendaraan bermotor sebagai sumber polusi udara di kota-kota besar mencapai 60-70%, sedangkan dari cerobong asap industri berkisar 10-15%. Sisanya berasal dari sumber pembakaran lain, misalnya dari rumah tangga, pembakaran sampah, atau kebakaran hutan. Kendaraan bermotor menghasilkan pencemaran gas buang karbon monoksida (CO), Nitrogen oksida (NOx), Sulphur Dioksida (SO2), hidrokarbon (HC) dan tetraethyl lead. Salah satu cara untuk mengatasi masalah pencemaran udara di perkotaan dengan lahan sempit, ialah dengan penanaman tanaman jalan model vertical garden. Vertical garden merupakan usaha pertamanan dengan memanfaatkan potensi ketinggian dan lahan semaksimal mungkin, sehingga jumlah tanaman persatuan luas lebih banyak. Tujuan penulisan makalah ini adalah untuk mengkaji efektifitas reduksi polutan NOx oleh tanaman semak dengan metoda vertical garden pada median jalan. Metoda yang digunakan ialah kajian literatur yang meliputi: reduksi polutan NOx oleh tanaman semak, kajian vertical garden, serta kajian lapangan tentang bentuk, ukuran dan tata letak vertical garden. Hasil kajian menunjukkan jenis tanaman Taiwan Beauty, Kingkip dan Pacing merupakan tanaman yang paling efektif mereduksi NOx. Tanaman Taiwan beauty dapat mengurangi polutan NOx sebesar 48,5 %  sampai 65,2 % pada konsentrasi NOX eksisting 0,05 ppm sampai 0,1 ppm. Untuk volume ruang 6.150 m3 diperlukan 15,375 m3 tanaman dengan metoda vertical garden. Apabila bentuk yang dipilih adalah segi empat, dengan ukuran lebar= 1,50 m, tinggi= 1,50 m dan ketebalan= 0,60 m, maka pada median sepanjang 100 m, diperlukan 12 buah rangka vertical garden.Kata kunci: vertical garden, tanaman semak, polusi udara, NOx, kendaraan bermotorABSTRACTIn major cities, vehicle emission contribution to air pollution reached 60-70%, while industrial pollution is only 10-15%, the rest  comes from other combustion sources, such as domestic/household activities, waste burning, forest fires, etc. Motor vehicles generated Carbon Monoxide (CO), Nitrogen Oxide (NOx), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Hydrocarbon (HC) and tetraethyl lead. One of the solutions that can be taken to cope with the urban air pollution problem in narrow areas is road greening using vertical garden method. Vertical garden is a way of maximising the use of land with  vegetation, by utilising the potentials of heights, hence the number of crops per unit area is much  higher. The study aims  to review the effectiveness of NOx pollutant reduction  by shrubs on road median by the method of vertical garden. The methods used include: the literature  review of pollutant NOx reduction by shrubs and  vertical garden, and also conducted  field study  of vertical garden on shape, size and layout. The results showed that  Taiwan Beauty, Serissa Foetida (Kingkip) and  Costum Molartianus (Pacing) are the most effective plants to reduce Nox. Taiwan beauty can reduce air pollution  ranging  from  48.5 %  to 65.2 % on the existing NOx concentration of 0.05 ppm to 0.1 ppm. At the space volume of 6,150 m3 requires  15.375 m3 plants with  vertical garden method. If rectangular median with the width, height and thickess are 1.50 m, 1.50 m and 0.60 respectively, so that only 12 pieces of vertical garden  frameworks are required.Keywords: vertical garden, shrubs, air pollution, NOx, motor vehicle
PENANGANAN EROSI LERENG GALIAN DAN TIMBUNAN JALAN DENGAN RUMPUT VETIVER G. Gunawan; Nanny Kusminingrum
Jurnal Jalan-Jembatan Vol 25 No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Direktorat Bina Teknik Jalan dan Jembatan

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Erosion is really a problem in slope areas where the length andinclination of slope influence surface flow and erosion. Double increase of flow in speed leads to the increase of eroding granular soil up to thirty-two fold. When the length of slope is two-fold, the erosion will be 1.5 times. Research result in Indonesia indicated that the degree of erosion in deforested lands reached 120-400 tonnes/ha/year. Such case will obviously give negative impact on road drainage system. Therefore, erosion control technology in roadside slopes should be developed. The purpose of the research is to find out the influence of slope inclination and vegetation on the degree of erosion at the inclination either above or under 60â—¦. Furthermore, erosion control technology is also discussed. To achieved the purpose, the research was done and laboratory prototype of erosion control with vegetation was made. Field research of erosion control technology using vetiver grass combined with bahia grass was carried out. Research showed that the degree of plant lushness and the lushness of slope cover, by covering > 70% of slope, eroding land is almost zero. Planting of vetiver will effectively reduce the degree of erosion when it is planted in lines and bahia grass is planted in between. Key word : control soil erosion, vegetasi, vetiver grass
BAHAN BAKAR NABATI SEBAGAI SALAH SATU ALTERNATIF UNTUK MENDUKUNG PENGGUNAAN BAHAN BAKAR ”RAMAH LINGKUNGAN” Nanny Kusminingrum
Jurnal Jalan-Jembatan Vol 25 No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Direktorat Bina Teknik Jalan dan Jembatan

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Activities using motor vehicle by society is increasing. This phenomena can cause air pollution from the vehicle’s engine. This waste from motor-vehicle is known as one of the main elements that form pollutant. Alternative energy supply and usage program is a temporary solution, aimed not only to find a more environment-friendly fuel, but also to reduce subsidy for fossil-fuel (oil), and to find a cheaper but more efficient and renewable sources of energy. One potensial energy source to be developed in in Indonesia is biofuel. Biofuel that can be used to substitute gasoline comes from plants that are already well-known by Indonesian people Therefore, development and usage-implementation of renewable and environment-friendly fuel needs proper attention. Coordination between the Government, private sector, and farmer is needed, with each parties functionally support each other in the processes from the resource supply, production activity, and market distribution. Key words : Air Pollution, Motor vechicle , Biofuel, fossil fuel, environment friendly
POLUSI UDARA AKIBAT AKTIVITAS KENDARAAN BERMOTOR DI JALAN PERKOTAAN PULAU JAWA DAN BALI Nanny Kusminingrum; G. Gunawan
Jurnal Jalan-Jembatan Vol 25 No 3 (2008)
Publisher : Direktorat Bina Teknik Jalan dan Jembatan

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Development of urban traffic volume has reached 15% per year. Transportation is a mayor cause of air pollution, 70% of air pollution is generated from vehicle exhausts. Air pollution parameters from motor vehicles such as carbon monox ide (CO), Nitrogen oxide (NOX), Methane (CH4), Non Methane (NonCH 4), Sulfur dioxide (SOx) and Paticulate (SPM 10) contribute heavily to global warming. Monitoring result of air pollution in urban roads such as Surakarta, Yogyakarta, Semarang, Surabaya, Denpasar (Bali), and Serang (Banten), and other cities passed by North Coast Road links showed that the air quality in this area nearly the limit line or standard air quality ambient especially Nitrogen oxide (NOx), suspended particulate matter (SPM10) and hydrocarbon (HC). The range of air quality ambient for CH 4 : 1,0 – 1,97 ppm, NonCH4 : 1,5 – 3,78 ppm, NOx: 0,06 – 0,490 ppm, SOx: 0,001 – 0,276 ppm, CO : 0,01 -11,53 ppm and particulate (SPM 10): 6,0 – 260 ug/m3. According to Ministerial decree of Environment no. 45/1997. monitoring result with air pollution index (ISPU) showed that the condition was categorized “moderate” which mean the air quality will not affect on human health or animals, but can damage plants and aesthetics-value. Some correctives and measures to minimize air pollution are as follow : a.Consideration and application policy with environment regulations become important steps to the whole cycle road-projects. b.Social participation in environmen tal management as vehicle owners,road user and community of road environment. c. utilization of and environmental fuel and vehicles. d. The application of air pollution reduction technology such as landscape arrangement by restoration of vegetation. Key words : air pollution, vehicle, urban
PENCEMARAN UDARA DAN MANAJEMEN LALU LINTAS DI INDONESIA Nanny Kusminingrum
Jurnal Jalan-Jembatan Vol 24 No 1 (2007)
Publisher : Direktorat Bina Teknik Jalan dan Jembatan

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The problem of air pollution has become an accute problem for many areas of cities , mostly in big cities. Bad air quality of city would decrease live quality of its people, unrealized. People breath an air to live. Serious impact to people’s health could be caused by an air that polluted with dangerous and poisoned particles There are seven main pollutan in air pollution : particulate (dust particles), Sulphure Dioxide (SO2), Ozone Troposferik, Carbon Monoxide (CO), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Hidro Carbon (HC) and Pb. The main source of these pollutants are become from car’s gas emition. The problem above is going to worst with traffic jam in big cities in Indonesia. This happen because the worst condition of gas emition is when car’s engine running, while the car stop. A number of gas emition when the car stop could reach twice of a number of gas emition when the car run normally. This paper is trying to explain alternat ives strategic management that could be used in decreasing a number of air pollution caused by car’s gas emition. It’s including reduce a number of traffic jam’s spots in big cities. One of the strategic management that needed is traffic management. Generally, the traffic management’s strategy in this paper have two groups, which are : • A strategy that influence traffic flow or a strategy of controlling a number of car in each area. • A strategy that influenced the change of people’s transportation moda. The traffic management strategy alternatives stated in this paper are not rigid or unattached one-another. Variation, adjustments, or even collaboration between these strategies is a must, according to the characteristical differences between cities in which they are applied. Keywords : Air pollution, Emission, Motor vehicles, Congestion, Traffic management.
Kecepatan Aus Cat Marka Jalan Akibat Lalu-Lintas dan Lingkungan Jalan di Kota Bandung Nanny Kusminingrum; Leksminingsih Leksminingsih
Jurnal Jalan-Jembatan Vol 22 No 1 (2005)
Publisher : Direktorat Bina Teknik Jalan dan Jembatan

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The use of road marking paint for safety of road users currently increased rapidly and with the use of high quality of road marking paints led to the reduce of traffic accidents. Based on field observation showed that preliminary ageing of road marking paints occurred. Research results of road marking paints of several road links in Bandung conducted at the end of 2001 with observation over the year of 2002, abration was found for the manual application (by hand brushing) with the abration percentage reached 100% during one year after application, using marking machines (compressor), the wearing reached 80% when the surface was well prepared and the paint was well laid (with compressor), loss of adhesion can be reduced to 50% over one year. Based on on observation, high traffic is the main cause of loss of adhesion compared to environmental factor measured i.e the average temperature on the pavement surface still below the softening point of asphalt
PERANAN TANAMAN SEMAK DALAM UPAYA MENGURANGI POLUTAN NOx DAN CO Nanny Kusminingrum
Jurnal Jalan-Jembatan Vol 24 No 3 (2007)
Publisher : Direktorat Bina Teknik Jalan dan Jembatan

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Vegetation in roadway environment consists in general of trees, shrubs and bushes. Bushes are the vegetation type with lowest posture compared to trees and shrubs. On the green path of the roadway environment, vegetation can be grown along the side walk or roadway shoulder, in general with tress. However, by using pot type vegetation, shrubs and bushes can also be grown. The vegetation type for roadway median is according to regulations only allowed for shrubs and bushes.City parks, functioning as breathing path or city lungs can be grown with a combination all tress type of vegetation. The benefits of green open are most important in protecting the living environment all tress type of vegetation. The benefits of green open areas are most important in protecting the living environment in cities against varoius pollutions including air pollution. Bush vegetation is a vegetation type that can be combined with shrubs and trees, in reducing pollution and improving the air quality of the roadway environment. In this case study, the role of bushes is not only investigated from esthetical point of view, but mainly on the improvement of public service for road users and surrounding environment, creating benefits like comfort in environmental health. Result of studies shown that bushes are reducing NOx : (20.49 - 54.42) % and CO : (35.14 - 92.22) % Keywords : Air Pollution, Vehicle, bushes
PERCOBAAN PENANGGULANGAN EROSI PADA LERENG AKIBAT AIR HUJAN-DI TEST TRACK PUSLITBANG JALAN Nanny Kusminingrum
Jurnal Jalan-Jembatan No 1 (1984)
Publisher : Direktorat Bina Teknik Jalan dan Jembatan

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Faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi kerusakan lereng jalan, antara lain adanya erosi sebagai akibat tidak dipeliharanya lereng-lereng jalan terhadap pengaruh luar. Besarnya air hujan yang diserap oleh tanah, tergantung dari : intensitas hujan, sifat tanah dan keadaan vegetasi ( tumbuhan) yang tumbuh diatasnya. Kemiripan tanah merupakan faktor penting yang dapat mengakibatkan aliran permukaan dan erosi. Dengan makin besarnya derajat kemiringan lereng dan makin panjang nya lereng, maka makin besar pula aliran permukaan dan erosi yang akan terjadi. Untuk menanggulangi keadaan seperti ini, perlu adanya suatu usaha yang dapat mengurangi lebih meluasnnya kerusakan tersebut.
PENELITIANKECEPATAN TUMBUH BEBERAPA JENIS RUMPUT PADA BERBAGAI MACAM TANAH DALAM KAITANNYA DENGAN PEMILIHANNYA SEBAGAI PENANGGULANGANNYA TERHADAP EROSI LERENG - LERENG JALAN Nanny Kusminingrum
Jurnal Jalan-Jembatan No 2 (1987)
Publisher : Direktorat Bina Teknik Jalan dan Jembatan

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Sering kita dapati lereng - lereng jalan terbuka dari pengaruh luar ( tanpa tanaman / gundul ). Untuk tanah yang bersifat erosif ( mudah tererosi ), keadaan seperti itu merupakan media yang baik bagi terjadinya erosi. Ditambah lagi dengan keadaan indonesia yang terletak di daerah tropika basah dengan curah hujan yang tinggi, maka erosi yang terjadi semakin besar. Apabila keadaan tersebut terjadi pada lereng - lereng jalan, maka erosi lereng tersebut dapat menimbulkan longsor ataupun penyumbatan saluran drainase yang dapat mengakibatkan jalan terputus atau dapat melayani lalu lintas sebagaimana mestinya.Ada beberapa cara mengurangi erosi dan run of yang terjadi, antara lain dengan cara vegetatif ( mis: penanaman dengan penutup tanah/ cover crop, penghutanan, dan lain- lain). Untuk mendapatkan hasil terbaik, maka perlu adanya penelitian - penelitian dan pengembangan mengenai berbagai macam vegetasi, sehingga erosi yang terjadi setidak - tidaknya dapat dikurangi atau bahkan dicegah.
PENGGUNAAN LATEX DAN LIMBAH PABRIK KERTAS UNTUK MENUNJANG METODA VEGETATIF SEBAGAI UPAYA PENANGGULANGAN EROSI LERENG JALAN Nanny Kusminingrum
Jurnal Jalan-Jembatan No 1 (1991)
Publisher : Direktorat Bina Teknik Jalan dan Jembatan

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Erosi yang hebat umunya terjadi pada lereng - lereng galian dan timbunan sepanjang jalan, dam, saluran drainase dan bangunan- bangunan lainnya. Menjaga stabilitas permukaan lereng - lereng curam dengan tanaman, merupakan suatu cara pencegahan erosi yang efektif dan lebih murah dari pada cara mekanik dengan penggunaan batu-batuan atau beton. Kesulitan utama yang terjadi selama tahap pertama yaitu antara penebaran benih dan pengakaran (pertumbuhan), karena erosi yang cepat menghambat pertumbuhan awal dengan menghanyutkan biji-biji atau tunas.
Co-Authors G. Gunawan Leksminingsih Leksminingsih