Panji Agnyoto
Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Sutaatmadja

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JAPANESE CONDITIONAL EXPRESSIONS AND INDONESIAN EQUIVALENTS Rianny Puspitasari; Panji Agnyoto
ReALL - Research on Applied Linguistics and Literature Vol. 1 No. 2 (2022): ReALL - Research on Applied Linguistics and Literature
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya and LPPM Universitas Sebelas April

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Abstract

There are many things that need to be considered in the translation process, especially the disclosure of messages from the source language into the target language. The message must be in the target language's closest and most reasonable equivalent. Meanwhile, not all languages have the same equivalent or are even close to other languages. Likewise, even though Japanese and Indonesian both have these expressions in conditional expressions, it is necessary to examine the equivalents between them. This research was conducted by examining the data of conditional sentences in the novel “Botchan” by Natsume Soseki and its translation into Indonesian. The method used is the descriptive method using the distributional study method. The way to collect data in this study is to select and separate sentences containing Japanese conditional expressions (∼To, ~Ba, ~Tara, and ~Nara) translated into Indonesian conditional expressions to become apabila, jika, kalau and seandainya, from the whole novel. Then do substitution or replacement techniques. The result of the research found is the conditional form ~to the equivalent is apabila, jika, kalau; the conditional form ~ba is apabila, jika, kalau and seandainya; the conditional form ~tara is apabila, jika, kalau and seandainya; the conditional form ~nara is apabila, jika, kalau and seandainya. Conjunctions that mean requirements, between one and another can be substituted for each other, but this can also be determined from the nuances contained in the sentence, the conjunctions apabila and jika contain more formal nuances, while kalau tends to be more neutral. As for seandainya, it means something that is unlikely to even happen.
CULTURAL AND CRITICAL PEDAGOGY REVISITED: A CASE OF TEACHER’S AGENCY IN A CLASS WITH CLASH OF VALUES Panji Agnyoto
ReALL - Research on Applied Linguistics and Literature Vol. 1 No. 2 (2022): ReALL - Research on Applied Linguistics and Literature
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya and LPPM Universitas Sebelas April

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

In some non-English speaking countries, English dominance has, at least since globalization aroused, been a hot debated issue, not merely due to its cultural contents and its ideology to diminish the influence of native languages and their embedded cultures but also its dilemmas which have been striking many students and educators. From the intercultural perspective, English mastery necessitates English cultural contents as cultural competence to achieve, but critically speaking, promoting target culture is a hidden agenda to westernize the people. This study aims to investigate how those two paradigms are at play in English instructions, and how the teacher deals with target and local culture contents. This study is conducted in a micro-ethnography approach. It employs document analyses, classroom observation and teacher-students interactions, and an interview with the teacher to collect the data at one Islamic International School in Batu. The result shows that both target and local cultural contents are conflicted as a consequence of international curriculum and Islamic identity of the school. However, there is also teacher’s thrusting personal agenda to mediate both contents and her own culture preoccupation which can be seen from the organization of classroom activities, teacher’s feedback, and teacher’s conclusion. It is suggested that future research combine both micro and macro levels of analyses from students’ and teacher’s cultural background and from the classroom activities to schooling process. From the explication of the findings and discussion it is also recommended that the teacher be cautious in selecting teaching materials so as not to evoke culture bias.