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All Journal Pelita Perkebunan
Soetanto Abdoellah
Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute, Jl. PB Sudirman 90, Jember, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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Ant Abundance, identification and relation with cocoa pest attacks under several shade trees. Abied Khafidhan; Rahayu Widyastuti; Soetanto Abdoellah
Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) Vol 37 No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v37i3.474

Abstract

Ants are soil macrofauna that plays an essential role in preventing pods of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) from Helopeltis antonii and Conopomorpha cramerella attack. However, the method of those pests control primarily using pesticides and that will disturbed ant's life. This research aims to determine the abundance and diversity of ants in cocoa plantations with different shade and to determine the correlation between ant abundance and intensity of pest attack from Helopeltis antonii and Conopomorpha cramerella. Ants sample was carried out using pitfall traps and Berlese funnels based on purposive sampling method. The results showed that five subfamilies were found in cocoa plantations with different shade. Subfamily Myrmicinae was the dominant group in all observation sites. The ant abundance has a strong correlation with intensity of pest attack. This was influenced by a role of the ant as natural enemies from Helopeltis antonii and Conopomorpha cramerella.
Diversity and Abundance of Earthworms in Cocoa Plantations with Different Shade Trees Niken Puspita sari; Rahayu Widyastuti; Soetanto Abdoellah
Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) Vol 37 No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v37i3.483

Abstract

Earthworm is one of the important macro-fauna in cocoa plantation ecosystem that affects the structure and activity of soil microbes. Earthworms maintain nutrient cycle and affect the growth of plants. Cocoa is a plant that requires shade trees. The presence of shade trees is to increase soil fertility and enrich diversity offlora and fauna. The purpose of this study was to investigate the diversity and abundance of earthworms in cocoa farms with different shade trees, namely paranet, areca palm + leucaena, coconut + leucaena, oil palm + leucaena, and leucaena. The study was carried out in Kaliwining Experimental Station of Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute, Jember. Earthworms were picked manually to a depth of 30 cm by purposive sampling method from July to October 2020. The cocoa plants used were mature plants with a spacing of 3 m x 3 m. Based on Shannon and Wiener formula, the results showed that earthworm diversity was low in all treatments. Earthworms until family level were identified. Earthworm families of Glososscolicidae and Megascolocidae were found in this study. The highest abundance of earthworms was found in areca palm + leucaena. Soil organic C and N content and sand fraction were positively correlated with earthworm abundance, while silt fraction and soil density were negatively correlated with earthworm abundance. As micro-climate factor, light intensity was positively correlated with earthworm abundance, while air temperature was negatively correlated with earthworm abundance.
Co-Authors Abied Khafidhan Niken Puspita sari RAHAYU WIDYASTUTI