A.R Yelvia Sunarti
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur (UPN), Gunung Anyar, Surabaya 60294, Indonesia

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Mass Balance Analysis of Bioethanol Production from Petai Peel (Parkia speciosa) through Enzymatic Process Erwan Adi Saputro; Rachmad Ramadhan Yogaswara; Nerissa Arviana; Luckyana Aini; A.R Yelvia Sunarti; Reva Edra Nugraha
International Journal of Eco-Innovation in Science and Engineering (IJEISE) Vol. 2 No. 2 (2021): IJEISE
Publisher : International Journal of Eco-Innovation in Science and Engineering (IJEISE)

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Abstract

The consumption of fuel for transportation is increasing during the last decade. Bioethanol is one of the renewable energy has a good opportunity to be applied when the lack of fossil fuel. Bioethanol is derived from the lignocellulose substance through a fermentation process. In this research, the lignocellulose came from the petai peel (Parkia speciosa). The peel was hydrolyzed using an enzyme and continuously fermented for 5 days. The aim of this research is to analyst the mass balance of the bioethanol production from petai peel (Parkia speciosa) through the enzymatic process. The enzyme used in this research are alfa amylase (10 ml) and glucoamylase (10 ml), also Saccharomyces cerevisiae used in the fermentation process. The result shows that the initial material of petai peel was 57 grams will produce bioethanol around 14 grams.
Synthesis and Modification of Nano-Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) with Addition of Ethylene Glycol Sani; Mega Rosilina; Mochamad Titus Maulana; A.R Yelvia Sunarti; Srie Muljani; Dwi Hery Astuti; Isni Utami
International Journal of Eco-Innovation in Science and Engineering (IJEISE) Vol. 3 No. 1 (2022): IJEISE
Publisher : International Journal of Eco-Innovation in Science and Engineering (IJEISE)

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Abstract

ZA fertilizer waste (Ammonium sulfate) is waste generated from the industrial process of producing ZA fertilizer. The waste contains very high calcium and has the potential to be used as a raw material in the manufacture of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC). PCC with certain qualities can be developed in the field of advanced materials, with size modification into nanoparticles. One method to produce nanoparticles is using the coprecipitation method, with the help of a polymer solution. This study aims to produce Nano-PCC by finding the best conditions of CaCl2: Ethylene Glycol mole ratio and stirring speed. Nano-PCC is synthesized by reacting fertilizer waste with HCl to form a CaCl2 solution. Then, the solution is mixed with ethylene glycol to prevent particle agglomeration so that the size obtained will be smaller. The mixture is then reacted with Na2CO3 to form precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC). In this study, the variables were the mole ratio of CaCl2: ethylene glycol (1:12, 1:14, 1:18, 1:20) and stirring speed (350, 500, 650, 800, and 950 rpm). Based on PSA analysis, the Nano-PCC obtained at the smallest CaCl2: ethylene glycol ratio 1:12, stirring speed 950 rpm was 51.83 nm. Based on Scherrer’s calculations with XRD, the particle size obtained was 48.25 nm. SEM analysis showed that the crystals formed were dominated by vaterite crystals, with a size range of 55.71-607.79 nm.