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Analisis Distribusi Debit Aliran pada Pelimpah dengan Variasi Model Bangunan Peluncur Satria Dilaga; Yudi Hardiansyah; Fauzan Hamdi; Andi Bunga Tongeng
Local Engineering Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): June
Publisher : CV. Gio Architect

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59810/lejlace.v1i1.31

Abstract

Spillway is a structure in a dam designed to drain excess water into a downstream river. The purpose of this study was to determine the water level in the stepped and ladderless chutes and to determine the type of flow that occurs in the stepped and non-stepped chutes. The research method is a laboratory experiment and the data obtained is based on the results of observations made at the Hydraulics Laboratory of the University of Muhammadiyah Makassar. After passing through the launcher building, the water level in the 1st aperture ladder launcher is 2.7 cm, 2.9 cm in the 2nd opening, 2.9 cm in the 3rd opening. The water level in the ladderless launcher at the 1st opening is 3 cm, at the second opening is 3.5 cm, at the 3rd opening is 3.9 cm so that it can be concluded that the shape of the launcher structure influences the water level, thus the water level at ladderless launcher is larger than ladderless launcher. After passing through the launcher building, the Reynolds number on the stepped launcher with the 1st opening is 8301, on the 2nd opening is 8811, on the 3rd opening is 9061. to 3 of 26,103.
Distribusi Gradasi Sedimen Boulder yang Melewati Sabo Dam Tipe Beam (Eksperimental Laboratorium) Muh. Ishar Halim; Andi Bunga Tongeng; Mahmuddin Mahmuddin
Journal of Muhammadiyah’s Application Technology Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26618/88yng176

Abstract

ABSTRAKSabo dam merupakan salah satu struktur pengendali sedimen yang berfungsi untuk menahan material berukuran besar agar tidak terbawa aliran menuju hilir. Namun, pada beberapa kasus, termasuk pada kejadian longsoran di lereng Gunung Bawakaraeng, ditemukan boulder berukuran besar yang mampu melewati sabo dam tipe beam. Kondisi tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa adanya ketidaksesuaian antara desain struktur dan karakteristik aliran debris di lapangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis distribusi ukuran sedimen boulder yang berhasil melewati sabo dam tipe beam serta mengetahui pengaruh variasi pada kemiringan saluran terhadap kemampuan struktur dalam menahan sedimen. Penelitian dilakukan melalui uji laboratorium menggunakan model open flume dengan variasi kemiringan tertentu dan analisis ukuran sedimen menggunakan metode analisis saringan. Hasil penelitian diharapkan memberikan pemahaman yang lebih baik mengenai perilaku sedimen boulder terhadap geometri sabo dam, sehingga dapat menjadi dasar untuk evaluasi desain dan peningkatan efektivitas sabo dam tipe beam dalam mengendalikan sedimen kasar di daerah rawan erosi dan aliran debris.Kata Kunci: Boulder, sabo dam tipe beam, distribusi ukuran sedimen, kemiringan saluran, simulasi laboratorium.ABSTRACTSabo dams are sediment control structures designed to retain large debris materials and prevent them from being transported downstream. However, in several cases, including the landslide event on the slopes of Mount Bawakaraeng, large boulders weighing up to several tons were found to pass through beam-type sabo dams. This condition indicates a mismatch between structural design and the actual debris flow characteristics in the field. This study aims to analyze the size distribution of boulder sediments that pass through a beam-type sabo dam and to examine the influence of channel slope variations on the structure’s effectiveness in retaining coarse sediments. The research was conducted through laboratory-scale simulations using an open-flume model with different slope configurations, followed by sediment size analysis using the sieve method. The results of this study are expected to provide a better understanding of boulder sediment behavior in relation to sabo dam geometry, and to serve as a scientific basis for evaluating and improving the performance of beam-type sabo dams in sediment-prone and debris-flow-prone environments.Keyworsds: Boulder, beam-type sabo dam, sediment size distribution, channel slope, laboratory simulation
Analisis Pengaruh Kemiringan Dasar Saluran terhadap Kecepatan Aliran Debris melalui Pengujian Laboratorium SAHWA NATASYA; Andi Bunga Tongeng; Farouk Maricar
Journal of Muhammadiyah’s Application Technology Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26618/y388x456

Abstract

ABSTRAK Aliran debris merupakan salah satu fenomena hidrologi yang sering terjadi pada daerah pegunungan dan memiliki potensi kerusakan yang tinggi terhadap lingkungan dan infrastruktur. Salah satu faktor yang memengaruhi karakteristik aliran debris adalah kemiringan dasar saluran yang berperan dalam menentukan kecepatan aliran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kemiringan dasar saluran terhadap kecepatan aliran pada kondisi stabil dan pada aliran debris. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimen laboratorium menggunakan model saluran terbuka (flume) dengan variasi kemiringan 6°, 8°, dan 10° serta debit konstan sebesar 0,0053 m³/s. Pengukuran kecepatan dilakukan pada tujuh titik pengamatan sepanjang saluran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada kondisi stabil, kecepatan aliran meningkat dari 1,537 m/s pada kemiringan 6° menjadi 2,064 m/s pada kemiringan 10°. Pada aliran debris, kecepatan rata-rata meningkat dari 0,625 m/s menjadi 0,793 m/s. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin besar kemiringan saluran, maka kecepatan aliran cenderung meningkat. Implikasi penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai referensi dalam perencanaan mitigasi bencana dan desain bangunan pengendali aliran debris Kata Kunci: aliran debris, kemiringan saluran, kecepatan aliran, flume, eksperimen laboratorium. ABSTRACT Debris flow is a hydrological phenomenon that frequently occurs in mountainous areas and has significant destructive potential for the environment and infrastructure. One of the factors influencing debris flow characteristics is the channel bed slope, which plays an important role in determining flow velocity. This study aims to analyze the effect of channel bed slope on flow velocity under stable flow conditions and debris flow conditions. The research method used is a laboratory experiment employing an open channel model (flume) with slope variations of 6°, 8°, and 10° and a constant discharge of 0.0053 m³/s. Flow velocity was measured at seven observation points along the channel. The results show that under stable flow conditions, the velocity increased from 1.537 m/s at a slope of 6° to 2.064 m/s at a slope of 10°. In debris flow conditions, the average velocity increased from 0.625 m/s to 0.793 m/s. These results indicate that increasing channel slope tends to increase flow velocity. The findings provide important implications for disaster mitigation planning and the design of debris flow control structures. Keyworsds: debris flow, channel slope, flow velocity, flume, laboratory experiment.