Nurul Wakia
PRODI ILMU FALAK FAKULTAS SYARIAH DAN HUKUM UIN ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR

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TELAAH DETERMINASI ARAH KIBLAT DI ATAS PESAWAT PERSFEKTIF FIKIH Ayu Islamiyah; Nurul Wakia; Zulfahmi
HISABUNA: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 3 No 1 (2022): Maret 2022
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/hisabuna.v3i1.25047

Abstract

Abstrak Pokok masalah pada penelitian ini adalah bagaimana menentukan arah kiblat diatas pesawat. Pokok masalah tersebut dibagi ke dalam beberapa sub masalah atau pertanyaan penelitian, yaitu: 1) Bagaimana problematika arah kiblat di atas pesawat? dan 2) Bagaimana analisis arah kiblat di atas pesawat perspektif fikih?Jenis penelitian ini tergolong penelitian Library research dengan pendekatan penelitian teologi normatif (syar’i). Adapun sumber data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah sumber data primer dan sumber data sekunder. Selanjutnya, metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah studi dokumentasi, studi kepustakaan. Dan teknik pengolahan dan analisis data yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif. Hal ini dikarenakan data-data yang akan dianalisis merupakan data yang diperoleh dengan cara pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan 1.) problematika arah kiblat ketika berada di atas pesawat adalah tidak adanya jaminan bahwa arah pesawat akan menghadap ke kiblat. bahwa cara mencari 2.) arah kiblat di atas pesawat Arah kiblat yang lebih akurat di dalam pesawat akan mejadi lebih mudah manakalah pesawat itu adalah pesawat pengangkut jamaah Haji dan Umroh khusunya penerbangan itu langsng menuju Jedda atau Madinah, arah Jedda dan Madinah nyaris sama saja dengan arah Mekka atau ka’bah. Sehingga dengan luas kita bisa memperkirakan bahwa arah tujuan pesawat tidak lain adalah kiblat dan sebaliknya bila pesawat itu sedang terbang menuju ke tanah air tanah suci, aka arah belakang pesawat otomatis adalah arah kiblat. Para ulama madzhab telah sepakat bahwa orang yang melakukan ibadah shalat dengan melihat bangunan Ka’bah, dia berarti diwajibkan menghadap untuk menghadap ke fisik Ka’bah (ain al-ka’bah) tersebut Syarat wajib bagi orang yang melihat Ka’bah adalah menghadap bangunan Ka’bah (ain al-Ka’bah) secara tepat. Syarat wajib bagi orang yang tidak melihat Ka’bah adalah menghadap ke arah Ka’bah (jihat al-Ka’bah), bukan ke bangunan. Implikasi penelitian Pengkajian terhadap penentuan arah kiblat di atas pesawat perlu diperhatikan baik dalam perpspektif mengingat arah kiblat memegang peranan penring dalam salat. Kata Kunci : Determinasi, Arah Kiblat Abstract The main problem in this study is how to determine the direction of the Qibla above the plane. The subject matter is divided into several sub-problems or research questions, namely: 1) What is the problem with the Qibla direction on the plane? and 2) How is the analysis of the Qibla direction on the plane of fiqh perspective? This type of research is classified as library research with a normative theology (syar'i) research approach. The data sources used in this study are primary data sources and secondary data sources. Furthermore, the data collection method used is documentation study, literature study. And the data processing and analysis technique used is a qualitative method. This is because the data to be analyzed is data obtained by means of a qualitative approach. The results of this study indicate 1.) the problem with the Qibla direction when on the plane is that there is no guarantee that the direction of the plane will face the Qibla. that the way to find 2.) the direction of the Qibla on the plane A more accurate Qibla direction on the plane will be easier if the plane is a plane carrying pilgrims for Hajj and Umrah especially the flight is direct to Jedda or Medina, the direction of Jedda and Medina is almost the same as direction of Mecca or Kaaba. So that with a broad sense we can estimate that the direction of the plane's destination is none other than the Qibla and vice versa if the plane is flying towards the holy land, then the back of the plane will automatically be the Qibla direction. The scholars of madzhab have agreed that people who perform prayers by looking at the Kaaba building, he is obliged to face to face the physical Kaaba (ain al-ka'bah). Kaaba (ain al-Ka'bah) precisely. The mandatory requirement for people who do not see the Kaaba is facing the Kaaba (jihat al-Ka'bah), not at the building. Research implications The study of determining the direction of the Qibla on the plane needs to be considered both in perspective considering that the Qibla direction plays an important role in prayer. Keywords: Determination, Qibla Direction.
PENENTUAN AWAL WAKTU SALAT DAN ARAH KIBLAT DITINJAU DARI GERAK SEMU TAHUNAN MATAHARI WIDI ASTUTI; Nurul Wakia; Hadi Daeng Mapuna
HISABUNA: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 4 No 1 (2023): Maret 2023
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/hisabuna.v4i1.36215

Abstract

The main problem of this research is how is the existence of the apparent annual motion of the sun in determining prayer times and Qibla direction (astronomical perspective)? What is the sub-problem of the concept of the daily and annual apparent motion of the sun? and the implementation of the sun's annual apparent motion in determining the beginning of prayer times and Qibla direction?. This study uses the Library Research method, the syar'i approach and astronomy. The research results show that changes in the position of the sun cause differences in the length of day and night and affect prayer times. The difference in prayer times that changes significantly occurs when the sun's position is in the opposite direction, that is, when the sun's position is on the equinox and the equinox. Unlike the case for areas around the equator, the difference in prayer times does not change significantly. Meanwhile, determining the direction of the Qibla by the apparent annual motion of the sun, where the phenomenon when the sun culminates over the Kaaba or known as the Rashdul Qibla event which occurs on the 27th and 28th of May as well as the 15th and 16th July with the Qibla shadow can be determined at 17:18 and 17:27 WITA which occur every year. These two things prove that the apparent motion of the sun is very influential in determining the accurate start of prayer times and Qibla direction