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All Journal Kalimah Jurnal Studi Agama dan Pemikiran Islam El-Fikr: Jurnal Aqidah dan Filsafat Islam
Syaifullah Aji Trianto
Universitas Gadjah Mada
Religion Humanities Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences

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Kritik Argumen Kosmologis Al-Ghazali terhadap Konsep Penciptaan Alam menurut Stephen Hawking Syaifullah Aji Trianto
Kalimah: Jurnal Studi Agama dan Pemikiran Islam Vol. 21 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Ushuluddin, Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/klm.v21i1.11279

Abstract

In the existence of God, the cosmological argument rests on the novelty aspect of nature. Although the big bang theory supports the assumption that nature has a beginning, according to Stephen Hawking, nature can begin independently without God's intervention. The purpose of this research is to show the failure of the concept of the creation of the universe according to Stephen Hawking through Al-Ghazali's cosmological argument. The problem formulations that need to be answered are: (1) what is Stephen Hawking's view on the big bang theory, leading him to conclude that the universe could have been created independently?; and (2) how is the construction of Al-Ghazali's cosmological argument relevant to criticize this view? The approach in this research is a research model on scientific theory. With the material object in the form of the concept of the creation of the universe according to Stephen Hawking which is reviewed through the formal object of Al-Ghazali's cosmological argument. This research results in conclusions. First, Stephen Hawking's view of the big bang theory based on scientific determinism has consequences for deism and atheism. Second, the construction of Al-Ghazali's cosmological argument is relevant based on his criticism of the emanation theory which has identical consequences with Stephen Hawking's scientific determinism view. The critique shows that it is impossible for the universe to be created out of nothing independently, because the creation of the universe at a certain time requires the existence of a principle of determination and the determinant factor also requires a willing personal agent, namely God. Another implication of this argument is that God has absolute power and freedom, both to create the universe or not and to intervene in its course.
Pemikiran Teologi Feminis Riffat Hassan dan Relevansinya terhadap Peran Laki-Laki dalam Isu Gender Syaifullah Aji Trianto
EL-FIKR: Jurnal Aqidah dan Filsafat Islam Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): El-Fikr: Jurnal Aqidah dan Filsafat
Publisher : Program Studi Aqidah dan Filsafat Islam Fakultas Ushuluddin dan Pemikiran Islam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19109/el-fikr.v5i1.21143

Abstract

Abstract Through reflection on her own life experience as part of the Muslim community, Riffat Hassan points out the social facts about gender inequality that occur in the majority of people who embrace Islam and according to her this fact is contrary to the teachings of Islam itself which upholds equality and justice. Then to answer this problem, Riffat Hassan proposed the idea of feminist theology. In this article, the author will examine Riffat Hassan's thoughts on feminist theology and show the relevance of these thoughts to the role of men in gender issues. The results of the study show that, first, Riffat Hassan succeeded in revealing that the cause of gender inequality is the patriarchal culture that underlies the interpretation and thinking of Islamic teachings, for example shown through the preservation of the myth of Eve's creation from Adam's rib, which according to Riffat Hassan, this story has been used as the strongest legitimacy to illustrate male superiority over women. Secondly, the goal of feminist theology for Riffat Hassan is not only to liberate Muslim women, but also Muslim men, because both are victims of patriarchal culture. This is where the role of men in gender issues finds its relevance. Keywords: feminist theology, patriarchal culture, gender inequality, creation myths
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