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Sapri Sapri
Universitas Mulia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Formulasi dan Uji Karakteristik Fisik Sediaan Hidrogel Acne Patch Nanopropolis (Trigona sp.) Asal Balikpapan Cahyani Rizki Kurniawati; Rofidah Nur Umar; Sapri Sapri
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 9 Nomor 3 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v9i3.1759

Abstract

Acne vulgaris is a common skin disorder with a high prevalence among adolescents and young adults. Long-term use of topical antibiotics may contribute to antimicrobial resistance, highlighting the need for alternative topical agents such as propolis. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate the physical characteristics of a hydrogel acne patch containing nanopropolis (Trigona sp.) from Balikpapan. Propolis nanoemulsion was prepared using a self-nanoemulsifying approach and incorporated into four formulations: F0 (base control), F1 (nanoemulsion control), F2 (2.5% nanopropolis), and F3 (5% nanopropolis), using an HPMC-based solvent-casting method. Evaluations included organoleptic properties, folding endurance, thickness, weight uniformity, pH, and moisture absorption. The nanoemulsion showed a mean transmittance of 96.97 ± 0.34%, while all patch formulations had folding endurance >1000 folds, thickness of 0.405–0.494 mm, weight coefficient of variation <5%, pH of 6.26–6.32, and moisture absorption of 6.82–9.56%. All formulations met the predefined physical quality criteria. Formulations containing nanopropolis showed an increase in thickness, mean weight, and moisture absorption, while pH remained within the physiological range of skin. These findings indicate that Trigona sp. nanopropolis can be incorporated into an HPMC-based hydrogel acne patch with acceptable physical characteristics for further topical development.
Co-Authors Cahyani Rizki Kurniawati Rofidah Nur Umar