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All Journal International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Proceeding Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health
Vivi Filia Elvira
Mulawarman University
Health Professions Public Health

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Analysis Environmental Factors of Diarrhea in East Kalimantan Province Based on a Large-Scale Survey Muhammad Aidil Fitrah; Ayudhia Rachmawati; Vivi Filia Elvira; Morrin Choirunnisa Thohira; Syamsir Syamsir
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background : Diarrhea remains a global public health problem with high morbidity and mortality rates. Environmental conditions such as poor sanitation infrastructure and hygiene practices have the potential to increase the risk of diarrhea. Objective : This study aims to analyze the relationship between environmental factors and the incidence of diarrhea in East Kalimantan Province based on big data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (SKI). Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : This study employed a cross-sectional design using secondary data from 15,854 SKI respondents. Variables included gender, education, drinking water sources, water quality and treatment, storage containers, wastewater disposal, waste management, sanitation access, and hygiene practices. Data were analyzed using Chi-square and logistic regression to determine independent environmental factors influencing diarrhea incidence. Results : The prevalence of diarrhea was 2.1%. Bivariate analysis showed a significant association between the incidence of diarrhea and education (p=0.001), drinking water source (p=0.003), physical quality of drinking water (p=0.000), raw water source (p=0.012), waste management (p=0.002), and sanitation hygiene (p=0.000). In the models of multivariable logistic regression analysis, it was found that physical quality of drinking water (AOR=2.058; p<0.001), level of education (AOR=2.008; p<0.001), and waste management (AOR=1.276; p=0.032) were the main determinants of diarrhea incidence. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : Poor drinking water quality, low levels of education, and inadequate waste management increase the risk of diarrhea in East Kalimantan. Efforts to improve water quality, environmental health education, and household-based waste management need to be strengthened to reduce the incidence of diarrhea.
Association between occupational NO₂ exposure and hypertension risk: a PRISMA-based systematic review with risk-of-bias assessment Ayudhia Rachmawati; Morrin Choirunnisa Thohira; Muhammad Aidil Fitrah; Vivi Filia Elvira
International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Vol 15, No 3: September 2026
Publisher : Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijphs.v15i3.27111

Abstract

Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) is a major air pollutant generated from fossil fuel combustion in transportation and industrial activities and is associated with adverse health effects. Prolonged exposure to NO₂ may induce chronic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, which contribute to the development of hypertension. This study aimed to systematically review the association between NO₂ exposure and the incidence of hypertension among workers. The review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines, with literature searches performed in Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect for publications from 2020 to 2025. Inclusion criteria comprised full-text articles in English or Indonesian employing observational study designs (cross-sectional, cohort, case-control, or ecological) and involving workers in both formal and informal sectors. Eligible studies examined NO₂ exposure as the independent variable and hypertension as the outcome. Of 2,051 records identified, five studies met the inclusion criteria, originating from China and Nigeria. Risk of bias was assessed using the office of health assessment and translation (OHAT) risk of bias tool. The findings demonstrated a consistent association between NO₂ exposure and an increased risk of hypertension, particularly in poorly ventilated work environments. These results underscore the importance of improving workplace air quality management, strengthening exposure monitoring, and implementing preventive occupational health strategies.
Co-Authors Ayudhia Rachmawati Morrin Choirunnisa Thohira Muhammad Aidil Fitrah Syamsir Syamsir