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All Journal An-Nur International Journal of Islamic Thought
Ahmad Nabilul Maram
UIN Sunan Ampel, Surabaya, Indonesia
Religion Arts Humanities Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences

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The Decline of Ideology and Rise of Political Pragmatism Among Kiai in Post-Authoritarian Indonesia Ahmad Nabilul Maram; Ahmad Busyairi; Muhammad Raqib Assidiqi
An-Nur International Journal of Islamic Thought Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): AIJIT - DECEMBER
Publisher : Yayasan Pesantren Mahasiswa An-Nur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62032/aijit.v1i1.15

Abstract

This article discusses the significant role of pesantren in Indonesian politics. Pesantren institutions substantially influence shaping political perspectives, recruiting leaders, and organizing communities. During the New Order era, some pesantren supported the government to maintain political stability, while others were involved in Islamic political movements opposing the regime. Following the political reform in 1998, pesantren became more actively engaged in practical politics by supporting specific candidates or political parties and promoting Islamic values in political discourse. The research employs a qualitative method, analyzing relevant documents and literature and discussing the history of pesantren in Indonesian politics. It highlights the phenomenon of political pragmatism among kiai (Islamic scholars) and its impact on political dynamics. Pesantren and Kiai are central in shaping political perspectives, mobilizing the masses, and influencing policy-making.
A Genealogical Reconstruction of Wilāyat al-Faqīh as Theological Constitutionalism Ahmad Nabilul Maram
An-Nur International Journal of Islamic Thought Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): AIJIT-DECEMBER
Publisher : Yayasan Pesantren Mahasiswa An-Nur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62032/aijit.v3i2.129

Abstract

Contemporary analyses of Wilāyat al-Faqīh predominantly utilize security studies or political realism frameworks, effectively reducing the doctrine to an instrument of state hegemony. This externalist approach, however, creates an epistemic blind spot regarding the internal normative constraints that bind the jurist-ruler. This article bridges this gap by reconstructing the doctrine’s genealogy through a qualitative doctrinal analysis of primary Shiʿi jurisprudence, tracing the trajectory from the Safavid-era works of Al-Karakī, through the Qajar-era synthesis of Narāqī and the restrictionist critique of Anṣārī, to the revolutionary treatises of Khomeini. The study demonstrates that the transition from restricted agency (wikālah) to general vicegerency (wilāya ʿāmma) was not a rupture but a dialectical expansion of "collective obligation" (farḍ kifāyah) intended to prevent the suspension of divine law. Results indicate that the jurist’s authority is legally conceptualized as "trusteeship" (amānah), a functional construct (iʿtibārī) designed to negate arbitrary tyranny (ṭāghūt) via institutional checks. Consequently, the institution operates as a form of "Theological Constitutionalism," where the ruler’s legitimacy is continuously contingent upon adherence to justice (ʿadāla) and constitutional procedure. These findings challenge the "Theocratic Absolutism" thesis, suggesting that the system’s internal logic is closer to a rule-of-law mechanism than a charismatic dictatorship.  
Co-Authors Ahmad Busyairi Muhammad Raqib Assidiqi