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All Journal Tamadduna: Jurnal Peradaban Journal of Noesantara Islamic Studies
Yogi Fery Hidayat
Universitas Darunnajah Jakarta
Religion Humanities Education Other

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Muatan Mendasar Metafisika dalam Perspektif Al-Ghazali dan Ibnu Sina Yogi Fery Hidayat
Tamadduna: Jurnal Peradaban Volume 2 No. 2 November 2025
Publisher : UPT Publikasi Ilmiah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/tamadduna.v2i2.7718

Abstract

This research aims to compare the metaphysical views of two great Islamic figures, Al-Ghazali and Ibn Sina, with a focus on the concepts of reality, entities, and the essence of existence. The method used is a literature study by collecting data from classic texts written by both figures. The data is analyzed by comparing the differences and similarities of their views on the metaphysical concepts under study. The results of the research indicate that Al-Ghazali and Ibn Sina have some significant differences regarding reality, entities, and the essence of existence, namely (1) Al-Ghazali claims that reality can only be understood through direct experience, while Ibn Sina believes that reality can be achieved through both experience and rational thinking. (2) Al-Ghazali believes that the essence of existence is eternal, while Ibn Sina considers it dynamic and changeable. (3) Al-Ghazali regards individual entities as something real, whereas Ibn Sina states that individual entities are only a part of a larger reality. (4) Al-Ghazali believes that reason must be adjusted to spiritual experience, while Ibn Sina considers them mutually supportive. (5) Al-Ghazali emphasizes faith and spiritual experience, while Ibn Sina regards religion as a tool to strengthen human intelligence in seeking the truth. Nevertheless, the research also found similarities between them regarding reality, entities, and the essence of existence, namely (1) Both agree that reality, entities, and the essence of existence are interrelated and cannot be understood separately. (2) The existence and essence of an entity depend on the properties inherent in the entity itself. (3) There is a close relationship between reality, entities, and the essence of existence with religion and spirituality. (4) Allah is the source of the existence and essence of all entities in reality.
The Concept of Hulul: Al-Hallaj's Thought and Its Relevance in Sufism Yogi Fery Hidayat
Journal of Noesantara Islamic Studies Vol. 1 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Yayasan Adra Karima Hubbi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/jnis.v1i3.1303

Abstract

This study discusses the concept of Hulul in the thought of Abu Mansur al-Hallaj, a controversial 9th-century Sufi who introduced the idea of spiritual union between God and man. Hulul refers to the belief that in mystical experience, a Sufi can attain a spiritual union with God, as reflected in al-Hallaj's famous statement, Ana al-Haqq (I am the Truth). This research uses a qualitative approach with literature review, as well as historical, philosophical, and theological methodologies to examine the doctrine of Hulul and its impact on the Sufi tradition. The analysis also addresses the relevance of al-Hallaj's thought to later Sufis, such as Jalaluddin Rumi and Ibn Arabi, who in various ways developed the idea of the union between man and God. The findings indicate that, despite Hulul facing significant criticism from orthodox scholars for being seen as contradictory to tauhid (the concept of God's oneness), this teaching still had a substantial influence on the development of Islamic mysticism and Sufism. The concept of Hulul remains one of the primary symbols of profound mystical experiences within the Sufi tradition.
The Concept of Wahdat al-Wujud Ibn 'Arabi's Thought and its Relevance in Sufism Yogi Fery Hidayat
Journal of Noesantara Islamic Studies Vol. 1 No. 6 (2024)
Publisher : Yayasan Adra Karima Hubbi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/jnis.v1i6.1306

Abstract

This study examines the concept of Wahdat al-Wujud in Ibn 'Arabi's thought and its relevance to modern Sufism. Wahdat al-Wujud is a metaphysical view that asserts that the entire universe is merely a manifestation of the singular and absolute existence of God. The research employs a qualitative method with a literature review approach to analyze Ibn 'Arabi's thought through his major works such as Futuhat al-Makkiyah and Fushush al-Hikam, and to explore criticisms of this concept, particularly from figures such as Ibn Taymiyyah. The findings indicate that Wahdat al-Wujud has not only had a significant impact on the development of classical Sufism but also remains relevant in modern Sufi practices, especially in spiritual practices that emphasize human unity and awareness of God. Despite theological criticisms, particularly concerning accusations of pantheism, Wahdat al-Wujud continues to be a foundational principle in many mystical practices and understandings within Islam. This study offers a new perspective on the application of Wahdat al-Wujud in contemporary spiritual life and its contribution to modern understandings of Sufism.
The Concept of al-Ittihad: Abu Yazid al-Busthami's Thought and its Relevance in Sufism Yogi Fery Hidayat
Journal of Noesantara Islamic Studies Vol. 1 No. 5 (2024)
Publisher : Yayasan Adra Karima Hubbi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/jnis.v1i5.1377

Abstract

This research aims to examine the concept of al-Ittihad in the thought of Abu Yazid al-Busthami and its relevance within the tradition of Sufism, particularly in the context of Islamic spirituality. Al-Ittihad refers to the mystical union between human and God, where a Sufi feels a dissolution into the Divine during a profound spiritual experience. This concept is considered one of the central themes in Sufism but often sparks theological controversy among orthodox scholars, especially since it is perceived as violating the principle of tauhid (the oneness of God). Through shathiyat (mystical utterances) such as "Glory be to Me," Abu Yazid expressed his experiences in the states of fana' (annihilation of the self) and baqa' (subsistence in God), which form the core of his mystical journey towards al-Ittihad. This study employs a literature review method by analyzing classical Sufi texts and scholars' interpretations regarding this concept. Additionally, it explores the relevance of al-Ittihad in the modern context, where Sufism has seen a revival of interest among both Muslims and non-Muslims as a response to the spiritual quest in the face of modern challenges. The research findings indicate that although al-Ittihad is often misunderstood and debated, it remains a significant aspect of the spiritual journey in Sufism. The experience of al-Ittihad offers a way to deepen one's relationship with God through the dissolution of ego and worldly attachments, and it plays a crucial role in modern Sufi studies as a means of achieving profound spiritual intimacy.
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