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Journal : Multidisciplinary Innovations and Research in Applied Engineering

Enhancing Atomic Force Microscopy Sample Preparation Using a Modified Microwave-Assisted Drying System Ilham Alkian; Lulut Tutik M. R.; Heri Sutanto
Multidisciplinary Innovations and Research in Applied Engineering Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Akademi Inovasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70935/wjms4w93

Abstract

Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) is widely used for high-resolution topographic imaging, but sample preparation remains a critical factor influencing image quality. Wet preparation techniques improve nanoparticle dispersion but often introduce residual solvent layers that degrade imaging performance. This study investigates a modified microwave-assisted drying system designed to enhance AFM sample preparation. A commercial microwave was adapted with precise power, temperature, and time controls to optimize drying conditions and minimize aggregation. Various sample preparation methods, including dry preparation, conventional wet preparation, and microwave-assisted drying, were evaluated. AFM characterization showed that the modified microwave system produced samples with more uniform morphology, reduced particle aggregation, and improved topographic resolution. Contact angle measurements indicated enhanced solvent removal, leading to increased hydrophobicity and better substrate interaction. These results demonstrate that controlled microwave-assisted drying is an effective strategy for improving AFM imaging quality, offering a practical alternative to conventional drying methods.
Photodegradator for Photocatalytic Enhancement of Laboratory Wastewater Quality Ilham Alkian; Khafidhotun Naimah; Hesti Rahayu; Adam Sumboko; Heri Sutanto
Multidisciplinary Innovations and Research in Applied Engineering Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Akademi Inovasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70935/ajct8j07

Abstract

Laboratory activities such as practical courses, research experiments, and sample analyses often generate waste, with liquid effluents being the most prevalent. Proper treatment of these liquid wastes is essential prior to discharge into the environment to prevent contamination. Photocatalysis, a process that employs photon-activated semiconductor oxides, has emerged as a promising approach for wastewater treatment. In this study, bismuth oxide was developed as an alternative photocatalyst capable of operating under both UV and visible light. The material was synthesized via the sol–gel method and subsequently deposited using a spray-coating technique. The fabricated photocatalytic reactor was designed with integrated reaction chambers, control systems, and adjustable light intensity to enhance wastewater purification. Reactor parameters were systematically optimized to establish the most effective configuration for pollutant degradation. Experimental results demonstrated that higher light intensities significantly reduced the absorbance of liquid effluents, indicating a substantial decrease in contaminant concentration. Furthermore, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD) of treated wastewater decreased by 24% and 64%, respectively.