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Agus Miswanto
Research Group of Value-Added and Techno-economic of Minerals and Coal, National Research and Innovation Agency
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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KAJIAN PEMASOKAN-KEBUTUHAN ASPAL BUTON INDONESIA Agus Miswanto; Ijang Suherman; Triswan Suseno; Willy Pravianto
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 26 No 1 (2023): Indonesian Mining Journal, April 2023
Publisher : Balai Besar Pengujian Mineral dan Batubara tekMIRA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30556/imj.Vol26.No1.2023.1364

Abstract

National asphalt that was needed around 1.2 million tons per year are fulfilled by Pertamina's oil asphalt production around 272,040 tons (22.27%).  Such a production is related to US$283.77 million, Indonesian natural asphalt (Asbuton) from Buton around 21,226 tons (1.74%) that is worth US$9.13 million. Its shortfall was met by the an import of 945,180 tons (77.39%) that is worth of US$473.77 million. The Asbuton resources are enormous around 792.5 million tons and its reserve is approximately 182.65 million tons. There are 16 Asbuton processing factories with the total capacity of roughly 2.03 million tons per year. However, their production is still 43,128 tons per year. It means the production utility is only 2.1% of the total production capacity. This study aims to optimize the use of Asbuton. Secondary data is obtained from various agencies, official websites, research reports, journals, and sharing sessions. Data analysis using an econometric model with a simple linear regression equation. The results show that the import substitution program starts in 2023, where the national asphalt needs are 935,180 tons, and its production is 253,473 tons and its import substitution in the first year is gradually around 96,061 tons, which means that the will be 585,647 tons so that the country can save foreign exchange of US $ 65.66 million. In 2031, substitution has exceeded the imports number, result and the excess capacity, thus opening up the export opportunities of 96,060 tons. Referring to such condition, the country can get additional income around US$656.59 million. This situation will continue until the end of the projection year in 2045.
TEKNO EKONOMI PROSES DAUR ULANG ANODA GRAFIT BATERAI LITHIUM-ION KENDARAAN LISTRIK Agus Miswanto; Tatang Wahyudi; Agus Prakosa; David Candra Birawidha
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 26 No 2 (2023): Indonesian Mining Journal, October 2023
Publisher : Balai Besar Pengujian Mineral dan Batubara tekMIRA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30556/imj.Vol26.No2.2023.1528

Abstract

Graphite is the primary material for battery anodes used in electronic devices such as cell phones, laptops, and electric vehicles. Exploiting natural graphite in Indonesia is still in the exploration stage. The ever increasing demand for energy storage devices poses challenges in producing battery-grade graphite. One possible approach is to recycle the graphite anode (AG) from used Lithium-ion Batteries (LIB) into battery components. By utilizing waste as a raw material, production costs are lower as well as the use of LIB becomes more sustainable. This study discusses the techno-economics of AG recycling from electric vehicle (EV) LIBs. Secondary data is used from various research reports, journals, and books published through the official website as references and assumptions in calculations and analysis. Mechanical separation to remove plastic components, washing with organic solvents (using dimethyl carbonate-DMC) and using dimethyl carbonate (DMC) and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), then washing process with H2SO4 + H2O2 purifies graphite to be reused as anode material for the new LIB. Economic analysis shows that the Net Present Value is IDR 388,675,699, the Internal Rate of Return is 33.79% per year, and the Payback Period is two years and ten months. These three indicators show that the project is financially viable. The sensitivity analysis shows that it is still profitable if there is an increase in production costs of up to 20% and a decrease in selling prices of up to 20% or USD 12,000 per tonne.
Co-Authors Agus Prakosa David Candra Birawidha Ijang Suherman Tatang Wahyudi Triswan Suseno Willy Pravianto