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All Journal ACTIVE: Journal of Physical Education, Sport, Health and Recreation
Priyanto Priyanto
Universitas Negeri Semarang
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Development of a Ball Return Device for Free Throw Practice in Basketball Christo Kesaulya; Priyanto Priyanto; Moch. Senoadji Karjadi
ACTIVE: Journal of Physical Education, Sport, Health and Recreation Vol. 15 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/active.v15i2.49830

Abstract

This research developed a modified PVC-based ball return device to optimize self-directed free throw practice in basketball. Using the Research and Devel-opment (RnD) method, product feasibility was evaluated through expert valida-tion a dual scale user trail involving Sports Coaching Education students. The expert validation yielded an overall score 540 points (90%), categorizing the de-vice as highly feasible. Structurally, the design and construction aspect scored 86%, while functional capability and safety-durability achieved 91% and 94%, respectively. Empirical testing demonstrated significant quality improvement, with small-scale scores rising consistently across all aspect to reach 80% (de-sign), 82% (function), 83% (safety) in the large-scale trial. Validator suggested adding front netting to catch erratic rebounds and guide a higher parabolic shooting arc. In conclusion, this affordable, portable, tool is highly viable for accelerating shooting repetition and athlete’s performance.
Co-Authors Christo Kesaulya Moch. Senoadji Karjadi