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All Journal International Journal of Islamic Education, Research and Multiculturalism (IJIERM)
Muktiono
Brawijaya University
Religion Aerospace Engineering Arts Humanities Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Education Other

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Legal Protection for Human Rights Defender in Indonesia Daniel Alexander Siagian; Muktiono; Ngesti Dwi Prasetyo
International Journal of Islamic Education, Research and Multiculturalism (IJIERM) Vol 6 No 2 (2024): International Journal of Islamic Education, Research and Multiculturalism (IJIERM
Publisher : The Islamic Education and Multiculturalism Foundation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47006/ijierm.v6i2.293

Abstract

Legal protection of human rights defenders in Indonesia is crucial for the state to fulfil, promote and develop human rights. This research focuses on the reformulation of legal obscurity in regulations that have not legitimised the protection of human rights defenders. Various forms of vulnerability of human rights defenders in fact lead to human rights violations such as Criminalisation, Victimisation, Anti-SLAPP (Strategic Lawsuit Against Public Participation), Cyber Attacks and physical attacks intended for human rights defenders which reinforce Impunity. The facts show that the activities of human rights defenders are very vulnerable, it is appropriate to require legal protection in each of their activities. The vulnerability of the activities carried out by human rights defenders, which basically aims to contribute to the quality of State administration in promoting human rights, shows that protection for human rights defenders is important to be reformulated. By considering several important issues that are the focus of the research, the protection of Human Rights Defenders consists of, for instance, legal protection, which is not only related to the establishment of laws and regulations that guarantee the protection of Human Rights Defenders, but also to the elimination of laws that have the potential to threaten, restriction and violate Human Rights Defenders, guarantees and support for the activities of Human Rights Defenders, including the effectiveness of Human Rights Defenders in the process of advocacy, such as the right to information, communication with both government and non-government organisations, and recognition of Human Rights Defenders' advocacy. This also covers the guarantee of defenders' right to immunity for their advocacy activities.
Harmonization of the Authority of The Central and Local Governments in Handling Criminal Acts of Pornography on Social Media: Legal Consequences, Juridical Consequences, and Legal Solutions Muhammad Hilmy Rizqullah Ramadhan; Abdul Madjid; Muktiono
International Journal of Islamic Education, Research and Multiculturalism (IJIERM) Vol 7 No 2 (2025): International Journal of Islamic Education, Research and Multiculturalism (IJIERM
Publisher : The Islamic Education and Multiculturalism Foundation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47006/ijierm.v7i2.485

Abstract

This study investigates the disharmony between Law No. 44 of 2008 on Pornography and Law No. 23 of 2014 on Regional Government, particularly regarding the division of authority between the central and regional governments in handling digital pornography crimes. Utilizing a normative juridical method, the research applies legislative, conceptual, and comparative approaches to assess the vertical and horizontal regulatory conflicts. The findings show that the lack of synchronization between legal provisions leads to legal uncertainty, fragmented enforcement, and contradictions in institutional roles, thus weakening the effectiveness of law enforcement in cyberspace. By employing the theoretical framework of Gustav Radbruch's legal certainty and Jeremy Bentham's utilitarianism, the study reveals that ambiguous authority obstructs legal performance and social protection. The study offers prescriptive solutions through harmonization of regulations, functional-spatial authority distribution, and intersectoral coordination mechanisms to establish a responsive, integrated digital legal governance system in Indonesia.
Co-Authors Abdul Madjid Daniel Alexander Siagian Muhammad Hilmy Rizqullah Ramadhan Ngesti Dwi Prasetyo