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Rachmawati, Rizka Legita
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Humanities Energy Environmental Science Social Sciences

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A STUDY OF TECHNOLOGY AVAILABILITY FOR RECYCLING LOW VALUE PLASTIC IN INDONESIA Soemadijo, Prawitya; Anindita, Faiza; Trisyanti, Dini; Akib, Rangga; Abdulkadir, Mariati; Nizardo, Noverra M.; Rachmawati, Rizka Legita
Journal of Environmental Science and Sustainable Development Vol. 5, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Plastic has been an essential part of our daily life. However, the increasing plastic consumption has led to an increasing land and water contamination by said plastics. The Indonesian government has set five actions on managing marine plastic debris, one of them is by improving the plastic recycling system. Multilayer plastic was identified as a challenge to the plastic waste recycling. This is because there are differences in properties, such as melting point, which will cause difficulty in mechanical recycling. This study aims to create a mapping of available options to solve problems of low value plastic (LVP) waste in Indonesia and to assess the readiness level of key aspects in implementing the available options. Interviews was done with twelve experts on the field of material or energy recovery from plastic waste, especially LVP, to find the available technology options which include but not limited to their primary features, readiness status and feasibility, and potential market size. The evaluation was based on a set of criteria in technology, environment, social, and economy viewpoints. Three top low hanging options are conversion to plastic lumber, refuse derived fuel (RDF) production, and conversion to plastic products. All the three processes have mature technology and local availability. The challenges include a good branding and marketing strategy to expand market, endorsement, and recognition from government, including recycle content standard and more cost-effective collection. Further investigation has to be done for RDF utilization in industrial boilers. More promotion and introduction of recycled products have to be performed in order to create market to allow a sustainable recycling industry.
ADVANCING THE POTENTIAL OF PET AND PP-BASED BEVERAGE PACKAGING TO SUPPORT CIRCULAR ECONOMY Trisyanti, Dini; Ranggi Laksita Wengi, Khair; Rachmawati, Rizka Legita; Akib, Rangga
Journal of Environmental Science and Sustainable Development Vol. 5, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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With around 5.6 million tons of annual plastic consumption and merely 7 percent plastic recycling rate, Indonesia is facing a plastic pollution crisis. The recent progress of Indonesia’s recycling industries has provided an asset to address this crisis. In 2017, the domestic post-consumption plastic waste could only fulfil around 24 percent the domestic needs for recycled plastic, which stands at 1.65 million ton/year. Leveraging the plastic waste ‘asset’ through circular economy can fill this demand gap. A five-month study was conducted to analyse the recycling rate of Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and Polypropylene (PP)-based beverage plastic packaging in Greater Jakarta Metropolitan Area to see their potential in fostering circular economy. Structured interview involving 385 upstream and downstream recycling actors in Greater Jakarta Metropolitan Area provided primary data for the study. While secondary data from previous studies, academic journals, Nielsen’s audit data and electronic sources complement the primary data, particularly regarding recycling actors and packaging consumption rate. The study showed that over 329 tons of beverage plastic packaging waste was collected daily in Greater Jakarta Metropolitan Area, in which PET-based packaging had accounted for 78 percent of them. Waste pickers play a key role here by contributing to 65% of the collected PET waste. The study also showcased a mature recycling chain of PET and PP-based packaging with its recycling rate that reaches 74 to 93 percent. Looking at their economic value, PET and PP contributed 30 to 51 percent to the income of waste collectors. It can also be estimated that economic activities related to PET management in the could generate IDR 700 million per day at collector level only. The demands of PET continue to increase following the growing innovation in PET-based products. An effectively managed PET and PP plastic system could simultaneously address this demand and foster circular economy.
Co-Authors Abdulkadir, Mariati Akib, Rangga Anindita, Faiza Nizardo, Noverra M. Ranggi Laksita Wengi, Khair Soemadijo, Prawitya Trisyanti, Dini