Naqsabandiyah, Ayu Heryati
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Rethinking Indonesia's Response to the Sino-U.S. Competition through the Lens of Constructivism Naqsabandiyah, Ayu Heryati
Insignia: Journal of International Relations Vol 10 No 2 (2023): November 2023
Publisher : Laboratorium Hubungan Internasional, FISIP, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.ins.2023.10.2.9495

Abstract

The emergence of China as a major power in the world has provoked turmoil among countries, particularly in the Asia-Pacific region. This situation was then responded to by the Western major powers, especially the United States and the United Kingdom, which carried out various maneuvers to counter China. Facing this situation, Indonesia has consistently conducted a middle-ground policy by not siding with one of the conflicting parties. Some scholars name this policy as a hedging strategy. Notwithstanding, existing research limits the explanations of the economic and security factors influencing Indonesia's position while overlooking non-material aspects. Against this background, this article seeks to fill this gap by analyzing Indonesia’s policy using the constructivist approach and explanatory qualitative research method. This research found three ideational aspects that shape the Indonesian government in issuing foreign policies related to major power competition in the Asia-Pacific, namely principles, values, and state identity. The concerned values and principles highlight that Indonesia adheres to Pancasila and “free and active” foreign policy principles which are primarily influenced by past colonialization and the struggle for independence. Meanwhile, identity refers to the international situation in which Indonesia has been exercising a vital role as the leader of global south countries. Keywords: China, constructivism, hedging strategy, Indonesia, the United States
Climate Adaptation Through Defense Diplomacy in the Indo-Pacific Region Naqsabandiyah, Ayu Heryati
Global Strategis Vol. 19 No. 2 (2025): Global Strategis
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jgs.19.2.2025.353-374

Abstract

This study investigates the contribution of defense diplomacy to climate change adaptation efforts in the Indo-Pacific region, focusing specifically on two prominent regional mechanisms: the ASEAN Defence Ministers’ Meeting (ADMM)—including ADMM Plus— and the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (Quad). Employing Cottey and Forster’s conceptual framework of defense diplomacy—which emphasizes cooperative military engagement for building confidence and addressing shared security concerns—this paper analyzes how both platforms have formally integrated climate change into their agendas. While the climate-security nexus has often been underemphasized in traditional defense cooperation, this research finds that activities such as Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR), military medicine, and information sharing serve as key operational components that indirectly strengthen regional climate resilience. Both ADMM and the Quad have acknowledged the significance of climate adaptation; yet, the Quad demonstrates a more coordinated approach with clearer strategies and programs. By highlighting these dynamics, this study underlines the growing importance of defense diplomacy as a mechanism for addressing non-traditional security threats in the Indo-Pacific. Keywords: Climate Change Adaptation, Defense Diplomacy, Indo-Pacific Penelitian ini mengkaji kontribusi diplomasi pertahanan terhadap upaya adaptasi perubahan iklim di kawasan Indo-Pasifik, dengan fokus khusus pada dua kerja sama pertahanan yaitu ASEAN Defence Ministers’ Meeting (ADMM)—termasuk ADMM Plus—dan Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (Quad). Dengan menggunakan kerangka konseptual diplomasi pertahanan dari Cottey dan Forster—yang menekankan kerja sama militer untuk membangun kepercayaan antar negara dan menangani isu-isu keamanan bersama—kajian ini menganalisis bagaimana kedua platform tersebut secara formal telah mengintegrasikan isu perubahan iklim ke dalam agenda kerja samanya. Meskipun hubungan antara isu iklim dan keamanan sering kali kurang mendapatkan perhatian dalam kerja sama pertahanan tradisional, penelitian ini mengemukakan argumen bahwa aktivitas seperti bantuan kemanusiaan dan penanggulangan bencana, military medicine, dan pertukaran informasi secara tidak langsung memperkuat ketahanan iklim di kawasan. Baik ADMM maupun Quad telah mengakui pentingnya adaptasi perubahan iklim; namun, Quad menunjukkan pendekatan yang lebih terkoordinasi dengan strategi serta program yang lebih jelas. Dengan menyoroti dinamika ini, studi ini menegaskan pentingnya diplomasi pertahanan sebagai mekanisme untuk menangani ancaman keamanan non-tradisional di Indo-Pasifik. Kata-kata kunci: Adaptasi Perubahan Iklim, Diplomasi Pertahanan, Indo-Pasifik