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All Journal Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Automotive Experiences
Solmaz, Hamit
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Aerospace Engineering Automotive Engineering Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Transportation

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Modeling of a PEM Fuel Cell Electric Bus with MATLAB/Simulink Dakurah, John Evans; Solmaz, Hamit; Kocakulak, Tolga
Automotive Experiences Vol 7 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Automotive Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang in collaboration with Association of Indonesian Vocational Educators (AIVE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.11471

Abstract

There have been great strides in recent years in the shift from conventional Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles (ICEVs) because of the deteriorating effects the fossil fuels they use have on the environment. Although lithium-ion battery electric vehicles (EVs) address some of these environmental problems, they do not appear to be a promising alternative because of their limited range, long charging duration, and the negative effects resulting from the production and disposal of their batteries. Demand for hydrogen vehicles has therefore increased over the years. This is because, since they use hydrogen as a fuel, they offer longer ranges, shorter refueling durations, and zero emissions. In this paper, a 70 kW PEM Fuel Cell Electric Bus (PEMFCEB) which has a 50 kWh buffer battery, and a total hydrogen capacity of 38 kg is modeled using MATLAB/Simulink. In the study, two hybrid energy management systems – fuzzy logic and conventional on-off using a ‘Relay’ block – are integrated into the model. By simulating several repeated NEDC (New European Driving Cycle) and WLTP (Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicle Test Procedure) cycles, the overall performance of the bus including its total range, consumption of hydrogen and oxygen, and fuel cell efficiency under each energy management system is analyzed and compared. For instance, during the NEDC cycle, the bus achieves a total range of 492.02 km with Fuzzy Logic compared to 448.85 km with the traditional on-off system. Similarly, under the WLTP cycle, the bus exhibits a total range of 407.61 km and 362.33 km with Fuzzy Logic and on-off techniques respectively.
The effect of ignition timing on engine performance in a laser ignition engine: A CFD study Arslan, Turan Alp; Bayrakçeken, Hüseyin; Altuncu, Ahmet; Çengelci, Emin; Solmaz, Hamit
Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 5 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/mesi.12461

Abstract

As a result of the high-power output, low fuel consumption, and low emissions expected from internal combustion engines, new engine technologies continue to be developed. Laser ignition systems are a solution to these expectations with the advantages they offer. Experimental and numerical studies related to laser ignition systems are accelerating today. In this study, an internal combustion engine was simulated with the spark and laser ignition systems, and the changes in engine performance for different ignition timings were investigated comparatively. ANSYS Fluent 2021 R1 software was used in the dynamic CFD study in which the entire engine cycle was analysed. Analyses were carried out at constant engine speed with an iso-octane+air mixture. Critical parameters such as pressure, volume, and temperature changes, power, torque, IMEP, MPRR, peak pressure, HRR, CHRR, start of combustion, and combustion duration were evaluated for both ignition systems. As a result of the study, optimum performance values were obtained at 680 °CA ignition timing with laser ignition system. At this ignition timing, power, torque, IMEP, MPRR, and peak pressure values were determined as 16.4302 kW, 62.7635 Nm, 14.1743 bar, 2.4665 bar/°CA, and 61.5611 bar, respectively. The laser ignition system increased engine performance, and smoother and knock-free combustion occurred. At optimum ignition timing, combustion duration was shortened, and in-cylinder temperatures decreased. The findings show that the laser ignition system will contribute to engine development studies by positively affecting engine and combustion performance.
Co-Authors Altuncu, Ahmet Arslan, Turan Alp Bayrakçeken, Hüseyin Çengelci, Emin Dakurah, John Evans Kocakulak, Tolga