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All Journal Populika Hasanuddin Journal of Strategic and International Studies
Fiadi, Ilham Rilin
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Towards NATO Membership: Looking into the End of Sweden's Neutrality Amidst Strategic Shift in Europe: English Fiadi, Ilham Rilin
Hasanuddin Journal of Strategic and International Studies (HJSIS) Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/hjsis.v2i2.34700

Abstract

The year 2022 marked the re-outbreak of a chaotic war, between Russia and Ukraine, in Eastern Europe. While military attacks between the two warring countries were not directed to countries around the region, and Sweden does not have a shared border with both countries, Sweden decided to apply for NATO membership a few months after the war began. This decision contradicted with Sweden’s long-standing tradition of neutrality in foreign affairs for almost two centuries. Using the framework of neoclassical realism along with the concept of alliance, the shifting stance is explained through systemic incentives and intervening variables, which comprised of (1) the inconsistency in the utilization of Russian military capabilities and (2) the European Union's defense challenges; (3) the Swedish military posture, (4) the Swedish Prime Minister's perception, and (5) the majority support within the Riksdag (Swedish Parliament). This research also indicates that Sweden’s neutrality would be maintained during international competition or the growth of alliances with significant power capabilities in the region. However, the neutrality did not extend to non-military aspects such as trade and transportation access.
Tindakan Indonesia dan Arab Saudi dalam Isu Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia Terhadap Etnis Uighur di Xinjiang pada Tahun 2019 Fiadi, Ilham Rilin
POPULIKA Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022): Populika
Publisher : Universitas Widya Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37631/populika.v10i2.510

Abstract

Isu kemanusiaan terhadap Uighur di Xinjiang menjadi perhatian global. Pasalnya terdapat dugaan-dugaan terhadap kebijakan China yang bersifat represif dan diskriminatif terhadap Muslim Uighur. Dugaan-dugaan tersebut berupa terdapatnya penyiksaan, kawin paksa, penangkapan di luar hukum, sterilisasi paksa, dan aborsi paksa yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah China. Segala bentuk penyiksaan tersebut diduga dilakukan di sebuah “Kamp Pendidikan Ulang”, yang mana kamp tersebut dibuat oleh pemerintah China dengan tujuan memberantas segala macam gerakan separatisme yang berasal dari komunitas muslim Uighur. Merespon isu kemanusiaan tersebut, terdapat 22 negara yang menandatangani surat bersama yang ditujukan ke Dewan Hak Asasi Manusia Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa sebagai pernyataan keprihatinan akan permasalahan kemanusiaan tersebut. Namun, membalas pernyataan tersebut, terdapat juga 50 negara yang mendukung kebijakan China. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tindakan Indonesia dan Arab Saudi dalam isu permasalahan kemanusiaan Uighur di Xinjiang pada tahun 2019, yang mana keduanya adalah negara dengan penduduk mayoritas muslim di dunia. Namun, keduanya memiliki perbedaan dalam menindak isu tersebut.
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