Wahome, Maina
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The Structure of the Kikuyu Determiner Phrase Focusing on Modifiers: An X-Bar Theory Perspective Wahome, Maina; Subiyanto, Agus
PAROLE: Journal of Linguistics and Education Vol 13, No 2 (2023): Volume 13 Number 2 Oktober 2023
Publisher : Master Program in Linguistics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/parole.v13i2.14-32

Abstract

This research article investigates the structure of the Kikuyu Determiner Phrase (DP) from an X-bar theory perspective, with a focus on the modifiers of the DP. Kikuyu is a Bantu language spoken by approximately 6.6 million people in Kenya, with a highly agglutinative S-V-O structure. However, limited studies have been conducted on the structure of the Kikuyu DP, which makes this study significant in providing valuable information for researchers and speakers of the language.    The study aims to determine the structure of the Kikuyu DP by analyzing the Kikuyu determiners or modifiers of the noun. In the context of constituent structures, the X-bar theory is employed to depict the varied positions of modifiers within the Determiner Phrase (DP), as evidenced by the phrase structure trees. The research utilizes a descriptive-qualitative method of data analysis, with data collected from resourceful informants and selected Kikuyu texts. The self-introspection method is used, as the researcher is a native speaker of the Kikuyu language. The findings of the study reveal that Kikuyu determiners can be both pre-nominal and post-nominal, with some having the ability to be pre-posed and post-posed like demonstratives. This study contributes to the understanding of the Kikuyu language structure and provides insights for future research.
Use of Conceptual Metaphors in Miguna Miguna’s Political Commentaries on Facebook in Kenya: A Conceptual Metaphor Perspective WAHOME, MAINA; Nurhayati, Nurhayati
PAROLE: Journal of Linguistics and Education Vol 13, No 1 (2023): Volume 13 Number 1 April 2023
Publisher : Master Program in Linguistics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/parole.v13i1.%p

Abstract

This paper examines Miguna's political commentaries on Facebook, which have become a potent force in Kenya's socio-political discourse. Known for his incisive and metaphor-laden commentaries, Miguna, popularly called "Double M", has sparked a surge in online political discussions, evoking both admiration and ire from the public. However, his style has also raised concerns about slander and libel in pursuing justice, secularism, and democracy. The gap in this study lies in the limited understanding of how conceptual metaphors, as utilized in Miguna's political commentaries on Facebook in Kenya, impact power structures, government policies, and communication practices. The study uses the Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) by (Lakoff and Johnson, 1980) and the Deconstruction Theory (Derrida, 1967) to analyze the data collected from Miguna's Facebook page using a web scrapping tool, Octoparse. The Metaphor Identification Procedure Vrije Universiteit (MIPVU) was utilized to identify the conceptual metaphors in Miguna's commentaries. The analysis revealed seven metaphorical conceptualizations of politicians: despots, conmen and cartels, orphans and cows, corruption monsters, socialite bimbos, and human rights violators, with politicians as the source domains and despots, conmen and cartels, orphans and cows, corruption monsters, socialite bimbos, and human rights violators as the target domains. This study shows how metaphors contribute to political commentary, their impact on power structures, and their relevance in the digital age, specifically in Kenya. The findings have broader implications for freedom of speech, defamation, and responsible communication, guiding policymakers, educators, and media practitioners.