Shaari, Hasrizal
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A Review: Modern Coral Characterization Studies in Malaysia Misman, Nurul Nadiah; Zakariah, Muhammad Noor Amin; Wan Saelan, Wan Nurzalia; Shaari, Hasrizal; Mohd Noh, Khairul Arifin
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 28, No 4 (2023): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.28.4.351-368

Abstract

Coral reefs are highly diverse and productive ecosystem in the ocean that provides various goods services to human and environment. Located within the renowned ‘Coral Triangle’ region, Malaysia is one the thriving countries in Southeast Asia that possess rich marine resources and coral reefs. Like other coral reef around the world, coral reefs in Malaysia are exposed to multiple threat that jeopardize their well-being. Those relying on these ecosystems may face severe consequences if they are lost. In recent decades, research on characterizing modern coral reefs has increased in Malaysia, including identifying key species and their distribution, understanding the factors that control coral growth and assessing the impacts of environmental stressors on reef health. This study is aimed to provide an overview of the current state of knowledge of modern coral characterization studies conducted in Malaysia. It presents the distribution maps of these coral reef studies conducted throughout Malaysia and discusses the techniques employed to characterize them. Most of the studies was conducted in South China Sea, particularly in East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia with Tioman Island, Pahang being identified as having the greatest number of studies. And, visual assessment have the higher frequency of use in characterizing Malaysia coral reef. Going forward, future studies in Malaysia should continue to explore others Malaysia reef, and techniques for characterizing coral reefs, while also conduct more studies in locations with limited research. These studies could have served as foundation resource for future conservation efforts in the face of ongoing threat and challenges.
The Variability of Paleoproductivity Proxies in Nearshore East Coast Peninsular Malaysia During Holocene Sharif, Hamad Maalim; Minhat, Fatin Izzati; Yunus, Kamaruzzaman; Naim, Erick; Shaari, Hasrizal
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 30, No 3 (2025): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.30.3.382-394

Abstract

The Holocene epoch was marked by significant climatic fluctuations that shaped marine productivity across tropical coasts. This study reconstructs Holocene paleoproductivity along the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia, specifically Terengganu (TER16-GC13C) and Kelantan waters (KELC17) using core sediments. A multi-proxy approach was applied, analysing biogenic silica (BSi), total organic carbon (TOC), calcium carbonate (CaCO₃), and elemental ratios (Ca/Al, Ca/Fe, Ba/Al) to evaluate changes in productivity in response to sea-level and monsoonal variability. Results indicate distinct temporal patterns: the early Holocene showed elevated BSi and TOC linked to enhanced nutrient influx during rapid sea-level rise. While the mid-Holocene exhibited reduced carbonate deposition due to strong terrigenous input associated with the East Asian Summer Monsoon and the late Holocene was marked by increased CaCO₃ deposition reflecting reduced riverine input and greater biogenic production during sea-level highstand decline. Elemental ratios corroborate these shifts, highlighting the dynamic interplay between terrigenous and marine sources.These findings demonstrate that sea-level change was a dominant driver of productivity variations, modulated by monsoonal strength. The strong correlation between terrigenous proxies and grain size underlines the role of hydrodynamics in sediment delivery. This study contributes an integrated Holocene paleoproductivity reconstruction for East Coast Peninsular Malaysia, providing a regional baseline that complements South China Sea records. The results enhance understanding of tropical shelf ecosystem sensitivity to climate variability, offering a reference framework for assessing future climate change impacts on coastal productivity.