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Exploring the New Social Studies Curriculum at the Third Cycle of Basic Education: Interviews with Curriculum Planners in Erbil Sulaymaniyah and Duhok in Iraq Qolamani, Khalid Ilias Basheer; Kaya, Erol
Aksara: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Nonformal Vol 10, No 1 (2024): January 2024
Publisher : Magister Pendidikan Nonformal Pascasarjana Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37905/aksara.10.1.495-526.2024

Abstract

This study examines the new social studies curriculum in Iraq's basic education system,specifically in Erbil, Sulaymaniyah and Duhok. The reform, informed by constructivistlearning and critical pedagogy, integrates subjects like history and geography to promotecivic responsibility and global awareness. The study, based on interviews with curriculumplanners, explores the motivations and theoretical underpinnings of this reform. It alsoaddresses the practical challenges of implementation, such as resource allocation, teachertraining and cultural adaptations. The curriculum aims to foster critical thinking andinclusivity, balancing global perspectives with local contexts. Challenges highlightedinclude financial constraints and logistical issues in dealing with sensitive topics. Thisstudy underscores the importance of continuous improvement, stakeholder collaborationand adaptive strategies in educational transformation.
Factors Affecting Implementation and Perceived Changes in the New Social Studies Curriculum: Erbil, Sulaymaniyah and Duhok Regions in Iraq as an Example Qolamani, Khalid Ilias Basheer; Kaya, Erol; Ünlü, İhsan; Kaşkaya, Alper
GUIDENA: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, Psikologi, Bimbingan dan Konseling Vol 15, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/gdn.v15i1.12335

Abstract

This study investigates the factors affecting implementation and perceived changes in the New Social Studies Curriculum across Erbil, Sulaymaniyah, and Duhok regions in Iraq. Through semi-structured interviews with twenty social studies teachers, the research identifies and analyzes key implementation factors including resource availability, time constraints, teacher training, student engagement, assessment methods, administrative support, and curriculum alignment. The findings reveal significant implementation challenges related to curriculum complexity, teacher preparedness, and regional variations in resource distribution. Teachers reported evolving professional roles, from content delivery to facilitating critical thinking, fostering historical empathy, and promoting cultural appreciation. The study contributes to curriculum implementation theory by demonstrating how contextual factors in post-conflict settings influence reform efforts, while providing evidence-based recommendations for enhancing professional development, resource provision, and administrative support to improve implementation effectiveness across the three regions.