Shihab, Md. Nuruddin Pier
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CLASS CONFLICT AND CHANCE IN THOMAS HARDY’S TESS OF THE D’URBERVILLES: A MARXIST INTERPRETATION Shihab, Md. Nuruddin Pier
UC Journal: ELT, Linguistics and Literature Journal Vol 5, No 2 (2024): November 2024
Publisher : Sanata Dharma University, Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24071/uc.v5i2.9541

Abstract

This study sets a Marxist lens to explore class conflict and the interplay of fate in Thomas Hardy’s Tess of the d’Urbervilles. The paper examines Tess’s representation as a victim of the Victorian class system and sexual oppression, investigating whether her tragic downfall results from chance or her subordinate social position. The evolving social statuses of central characters like Tess, Angel, and Alec add various dimensions to the narrative tension of the book. By utilizing the qualitative-descriptive method and Marxist concepts of class conflict and capitalism, the analysis accentuates how economic stability, or the lack thereof, intricately influences personal lives and relationships in Victorian society. Tess exemplifies the oppressed working class, while oppressors like Alec and Angel exercise their predatory dominance over her. Moreover, the research article aims to highlight the pivotal role of fate and chance in shaping Tess’s destiny, with coincidences and unexpected events intensifying her misfortunes. Ultimately, the research paper posits that economic fragility not only subjugates the working class but can also precipitate the downfall of the oppressors themselves.
Utopia or Dystopia: Connecting Begum Rokeya and Bernardine Evaristo Shihab, Md. Nuruddin Pier
Muslim English Literature Vol 4, No 1 (2025): Muslim English Literature
Publisher : UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/mel.v4i1.41482

Abstract

This research paper attempts to bridge the voices of Begum Rokeya, a British Indian writer, and Bernardine Evaristo, a contemporary British writer. One of the primary texts is Rokeya’s “Sultana’s Dream,” and another is Bernardine Evaristo’s “The White Man’s Liberation Front.” This article follows the qualitative-descriptive method to analyze two primary texts with reference to Thomas More’s concept of “Utopia” and John Stuart Mill’s framework of “Dystopia.” Many scholars claim these stories to be feminist utopias. However, the purpose of the study is to create an analogy between these stories by pointing out some discrepancies in these utopias. Nevertheless, this research does not posit any anti-feminist stance and does not question the celebration of womanhood in the two stories. It shows that none of the stories expresses any ideal solution for equality and harmony. The stories present men and women in opposition to each other instead of narrating them as partners. The questions they raise on patriarch are correct, but that never means it ought to be replaced with matriarchy. This research does not defend patriarchy but finds that the models of women’s superiority presented in the two stories are dystopian. As the stories have a universal appeal with a similar essence, both of them create a bridge between the voices of local and global women’s rights. Still, the paper suggests the settings as dystopian because of the lack of a tone for equality.
Utopia or Dystopia: Connecting Begum Rokeya and Bernardine Evaristo Shihab, Md. Nuruddin Pier
Muslim English Literature Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): Muslim English Literature
Publisher : UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/mel.v4i1.41482

Abstract

This research paper attempts to bridge the voices of Begum Rokeya, a British Indian writer, and Bernardine Evaristo, a contemporary British writer. One of the primary texts is Rokeya’s “Sultana’s Dream,” and another is Bernardine Evaristo’s “The White Man’s Liberation Front.” This article follows the qualitative-descriptive method to analyze two primary texts with reference to Thomas More’s concept of “Utopia” and John Stuart Mill’s framework of “Dystopia.” Many scholars claim these stories to be feminist utopias. However, the purpose of the study is to create an analogy between these stories by pointing out some discrepancies in these utopias. Nevertheless, this research does not posit any anti-feminist stance and does not question the celebration of womanhood in the two stories. It shows that none of the stories expresses any ideal solution for equality and harmony. The stories present men and women in opposition to each other instead of narrating them as partners. The questions they raise on patriarch are correct, but that never means it ought to be replaced with matriarchy. This research does not defend patriarchy but finds that the models of women’s superiority presented in the two stories are dystopian. As the stories have a universal appeal with a similar essence, both of them create a bridge between the voices of local and global women’s rights. Still, the paper suggests the settings as dystopian because of the lack of a tone for equality.
The Imagined Community in Bankim Chatterjee’s The Abbey of Bliss Shihab, Md. Nuruddin Pier
Muslim English Literature Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024): Muslim English Literature
Publisher : UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/mel.v3i1.38577

Abstract

This paper focuses on Bankim Chatterjee’s framework of nationalism in The Abbey of Bliss. Bankim’s dream of a nation-state for the Hindus is visible in the novel. On the other hand, Bankim’s docile position against the British imperialist power is visible too. This paper examines Bankim’s ambivalence as a colonial writer. From the postcolonial perspective, this paper tries to interpret Bankim’s position. He also gives a framework of community that works for the establishment of the admired nation-state. In this paper, this community is regarded as Bankim’s imagined community. The framework of nationalism Bankim provides in the novel is an amalgamation of the European framework and his thoughts. This is why this paper claims his framework is a hybrid one. This paper finds that Bankim’s framework has its strengths and weaknesses. This study tries to point out some of these strengths and weaknesses as a model of a nation-state.