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Gbenebor, Oluwashina Philips
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Chemistry Control & Systems Engineering Earth & Planetary Sciences Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering

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Transition metal-based materials and their catalytic influence on MgH2 hydrogen storage: A review Gbenebor, Oluwashina Philips; Popoola, Abimbola Patricia Idowu
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 12, No 6 (2023): November 2023
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2023.57805

Abstract

The dependence on fossil fuels for energy has culminated in its gradual depletion and this has generated the need to seek alternative source that will be environmentally friendly and sustainable. Hydrogen stands to be promising in this regard as energy carrier which has been proven to be efficient. Magnesium hydride (MgH2) can be used in storing hydrogen because of its availability, light weight and low cost. In this review, monoatomic, alloy, intermetallic and composite forms of Ti, Ni, V, Mo, Fe, Cr, Co, Zr and Nb as additives on MgH2 are discussed. Through ball milling, additive reacts with MgH2 to form compounds including TiH2, Mg2Ni, Mg2NiH4, V2O, VH2, MoSe, Mg2FeH6, NbH and Nb2O5which remain stable after certain de/hydrogenation cycles. Some monoatomic transition metals remain unreacted even after de/hydrogenation cycles. These formed compounds, including stable monoatomic transition metals, impart their catalytic effects by creating diffusion channels for hydrogen via weakening Mg - H bond strength. This reduces hydrogen de/sorption temperatures, activation energies and in turn, hastens hydrogen desorption kinetics of MgH2. Hydrogen storage output of MgH2/transition metal-based materials depend on additive type, ratio of MgH2/additive, ball milling time, ball –to combining materials ratio and de/hydrogenation cycle. There is a need for more investigations to be carried out on nanostructured binary and ternary transition metal-based materials as additives to enhance the hydrogen storage performance of MgH2.  In addition, the already established compounds (listed above) formed after ball milling or dehydrogenation can be processed and directly doped into MgH2. 
Supercapacitive performance and CO2 capture capacities of different porous corn stover-derived activated carbons Gbenebor, Oluwashina Philips; Popoola, Abimbola Patricia Idowu
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 14, No 5 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2025.60980

Abstract

This work focuses on synthesizing activated carbon (AC) from corn wastes from the same plantation – husk (ACH), stalk (ACS), and cob (ACCo). A two-stage pyrolysis (600 oC) with KOH chemical activation was employed. Structural and morphological results from Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) show that the temperature, concentration, and ratio of biochar-to-KOH solution employed are effective as relevant functional groups and porous structures are formed. The best porous texture is possessed by ACH as N2 adsorption isotherms result informs that its surface area, pore volume, and size are 904.76 m2/g, 1.00 cm3/g, and 2.09 nm respectively. At 273 K, ACH displays the highest CO2 adsorption capacity of 4.63 mmolg-1 at 0.95 bar while ACS and ACCo possess CO2 capture capacities of 3.5 and 3.19 mmolg-1 respectively.  Each synthesized AC electrode displays capacitive performance with pseudo capacitance contributions. Dunn and Trasatti analyses show that the capacity of each electrode is more influenced by diffusive contribution. The best porous structure exhibited by ACH is responsible for its superlative electrochemical performance. At current density of 0.5 A/g, its specific capacitance is 430 F/g; this is followed by ACS (257.5 F/g) and the least specific capacitance of 85 F/g is achieved by ACCo. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and Bode plots affirm that with ACH, the fastest diffusion of electrolyte ions into its surface is maintained.
Co-Authors Popoola, Abimbola Patricia Idowu