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All Journal IPTEK The Journal for Technology and Science
Okandeji, Alexander Akpofure
Department of Electrical/Electronic Engineering, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos State, Nigeria
Computer Science & IT

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Effect of Rainfall on Digital/Analog Television Signals Onaifo, Frank; Okandeji, Alexander Akpofure; Okubanjo, Ayodeji Akinsoji; Abdulsalam, Khadeejah; Alao, Peter
IPTEK The Journal for Technology and Science Vol 34, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : IPTEK, DRPM, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j20882033.v34i2.16255

Abstract

Rainfall has a strong negative impact on television (TV) signals, most especially at the receivers’ end. This is due to the propagation effect caused by atmospheric rain absorption of the wave signal. Television signals may reach the TV receiver unstable due to interferences caused by heavy rainfall, which creates undesirable poor-quality reception and noise. The effect of rain-induced attenuation on television signal reception is not enviable, especially when it is heavy. Consequently, this work aims to analyze the correlation between received signal strength and frequency of transmission during rainfall. The received signal strength measurements and rainfall data were collected concurrently during dry days and rainy days to achieve this aim. These readings were taken with a signal strength meter and other mobile phone software such as the rain gauge app, compass, etc.). Results show that rainfall leads to a noticeable degradation in the quality of received signals. Specifically, the data obtained were simulated, and it was observed that attenuations increase sharply as the rain rate increases. In particular, when the frequency is about 1080 GHz and the wavelength is low, there tends to be a disturbance between the drops of rainfall, which causes attenuation and results in low signal strength. To conclude, this work proposes a possible solution that is favorable to all television subscribers during rainfall.
Design and Implementation of Anti-Theft Distribution Transformer Monitoring System for Rural Africa Okandeji, Alexander Akpofure; Onaifo, Frank; Alao, Peter Olufemi; Ojo, Stephen; Okunfolarin, Oladimeji
IPTEK The Journal for Technology and Science Vol 34, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : IPTEK, DRPM, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j20882033.v34i3.15095

Abstract

This paper designs a 15KVA three-phase distribution transformer incorporated with a three-phase smart meter for automatic monitoring against theft and vandalism. The monitoring system is designed to send short message services (SMS) to the power utility company when there are abnormalities in the transformer parameters [such as overload, temperature rise, load current, oil level, and voltage variation]. The monitoring unit consist of an embedded system which houses the Arduino Microcontroller, global system for mobile communication (GSM) modem SIM900 for sending SMS, load current sensors which determines the load connected to the transformer, and Bypass current sensors which checks for illegal connection to the transformer. The Arduino Microcontroller/embedded system is connected through a relay to the distribution transformer while the SIM900/GSM module is connected to the Microcontroller/embedded system, relay and optocoupler. The optocoupler isolates the high voltage side of the circuit from the low voltage side. The embedded module process, transmit and receive the parameters to/ from the GSM modem while the GSM module is the link between the embedded system and the public GSM network. The utility provider is expected to have a personal computer (PC)-based -server located at the utility control center basically to collect data from the transformer. This paper presents an alternative method of protecting transformer electrical installations using electronic means compared to the conventional cases of using patrol vehicles by the power utility service provider.
Co-Authors Abdulsalam, Khadeejah Alao, Peter Alao, Peter Olufemi Ojo, Stephen Okubanjo, Ayodeji Akinsoji Okunfolarin, Oladimeji Onaifo, Frank Onaifo, Frank