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All Journal Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Journal of Innovative and Creativity
Ayu, Ghendis Ekawati
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Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Education Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Social Sciences Other

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Pengaruh Selulosa Nanokristal dari Serat Buah Kelapa Sawit sebagai Pengisi dan Kalium Klorida sebagai Agen Pendispersi Terhadap Sifat Fisik Bioplastik Berbasis Pati Biji Alpukat (Persea americana) M. Thoriq Al Fath; Lubis, Maulida; Ayu, Ghendis Ekawati; Dalimunthe, Nisaul Fadilah
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 11 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v11i2.9239

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of nanocrystalline cellulose and potassium chloride (KCl) to bioplastics from avocado seed starch and glycerol as plasticizer. In this study, nanocrystal cellulose obtained from palm fruit fiber was hydrolyzed using sulfuric acid (H2SO4) at a concentration of 50%. The starch used in this study was obtained from the avocado seed extraction process. On producing bioplastic, the casting method was used with the addition of nanocrystal cellulose as filler of 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4% (%w), KCl as dispersing agent of 0%, 1%, 2%, and 3% (%w), and glycerol as plasticizer by 30 (%w). Based on the density test, the optimum value was obtained at 2% of nanocrystal cellulose and 2% of KCl with the value around 0.041 gram/cm3. The best water absorption values were 57.1% and 53.8% which obtained at 2% of nanocrystal cellulose and 1% of KCl. Scanning Electron Microscope test results showed uniformly distributed nanocrystal cellulose granules filling the surface of the bioplastic. The addition of KCl as dispersion agent give a good impact.
Pengaruh Selulosa Nanokristal dari Serat Buah Kelapa Sawit sebagai Pengisi dan Kalium Klorida sebagai Agen Pendispersi Terhadap Sifat Fisik Bioplastik Berbasis Pati Biji Alpukat (Persea americana) M. Thoriq Al Fath; Lubis, Maulida; Ayu, Ghendis Ekawati; Dalimunthe, Nisaul Fadilah
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 11 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v11i2.9239

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of nanocrystalline cellulose and potassium chloride (KCl) to bioplastics from avocado seed starch and glycerol as plasticizer. In this study, nanocrystal cellulose obtained from palm fruit fiber was hydrolyzed using sulfuric acid (H2SO4) at a concentration of 50%. The starch used in this study was obtained from the avocado seed extraction process. On producing bioplastic, the casting method was used with the addition of nanocrystal cellulose as filler of 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4% (%w), KCl as dispersing agent of 0%, 1%, 2%, and 3% (%w), and glycerol as plasticizer by 30 (%w). Based on the density test, the optimum value was obtained at 2% of nanocrystal cellulose and 2% of KCl with the value around 0.041 gram/cm3. The best water absorption values were 57.1% and 53.8% which obtained at 2% of nanocrystal cellulose and 1% of KCl. Scanning Electron Microscope test results showed uniformly distributed nanocrystal cellulose granules filling the surface of the bioplastic. The addition of KCl as dispersion agent give a good impact.
Karakteristik Bioplastik dari Pati Jagung Berpengisi Nanocrystal Cellulose (NCC) dari Ampas Tebu Nugraha, Aga; Syahputri, Muliani; Ayu, Ghendis Ekawati
Journal of Innovative and Creativity Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Permasalahan lingkungan yang ditimbulkan oleh akumulasi limbah plastik konvensional telah mendorong pengembangan bioplastik berbasis bahan alami yang ramah lingkungan dan biodegradable. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan bioplastik berbasis pati jagung dengan penambahan nanokristalin selulosa (NCC) hasil isolasi dari limbah ampas tebu sebagai agen penguat, gliserol sebagai plastisiser, serta minyak sereh sebagai agen antimikroba alami. Isolasi NCC dilakukan melalui tahap delignifikasi dan pemutihan menggunakan gelombang mikro, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan hidrolisis asam sulfat. Karakterisasi NCC dan biokomposit meliputi analisis FTIR, difraksi, analisis termal TGA-DSC. Bioplastik diformulasikan dengan konsentrasi NCC 6% b/b (terhadap massa pati) dan variasi konsentrasi minyak sereh (6%, 12%, 18%, dan 24% v/v), lalu diuji sifat termalnya. Hasil analisis termogravimetri (TGA) dan Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) menunjukkan bahwa penambahan NCC mampu meningkatkan stabilitas termal serta menurunkan kehilangan massa pada bioplastik. Spektrum FTIR mengindikasikan bahwa struktur dasar selulosa tetap terjaga, dengan penghilangan sebagian besar gugus fungsi lignin akibat perlakuan kimia dan gelombang mikro. Penambahan minyak sereh memberikan potensi aktivitas antimikroba tanpa menyebabkan perubahan signifikan terhadap karakteristik termal. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa limbah ampas tebu dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber NCC yang berkelanjutan untuk meningkatkan karakteristik bioplastik pada aplikasi kemasan ramah lingkungan.
Co-Authors Aga Nugraha Dalimunthe, Nisaul Fadilah Lubis, Maulida M. Thoriq Al Fath Syahputri, Muliani