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Improvement of the antioxidant potential: impact of drying and extraction techniques on polyphenols in Arbutus unedo L. leaf aqueous extract Zemour, Kamel; Chouhim, Kadda Mohamed Amine; Labdelli, Amina; Mairif, Mohamed; Ardjane, Tedj Eddine Adda; Moussaoui, Badreddine; Zemour, Hafidh; Laafer, Mohammed
Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology Vol 5 No 1 (2024): Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jaab.05.01.03

The search for alternatives to chemical pharmaceutical products remains an urgent and crucial step for humanity. In this regard, the use of plants presents an ideal approach for such biological studies. Arbutus unedo L., which belongs to the family Ericaceae, is one of the species that holds significant importance in traditional pharmaceutical uses. In Algeria, the use of this species in traditional treatment is generally rare. Therefore, this study aims to highlight its medicinal importance and the proper method for extracting its bioactive elements. To achieve this, the biological activity of leaves including total phenolic content (TPC), DPPH assay, and total flavonoid content (TFC), were assessed under four different drying temperatures (shade-drying, sun-drying, 40°C and 60C°) and two extraction methods after maceration (centrifugation, filtration). The results have indicated that these processes have affected the final accumulation of polyphenols and antioxidant activity in the leaf extracts. Additionally, it has been highlighted that the centrifugation method extracts a higher biochemical amount, especially after drying at 40°C. Furthermore, Arbutus unedo L. leaves should be considered a promising source of natural compounds to be used as ingredients in various fields.

In vitro anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant activities of alkaloïds extracted from nopals of inermis Algerian Opuntia ficus indica (L). Moussaoui, Badreddine; Hanafi, Tahar; Rahali, Abdallah; Guemou, Laid; Reghioui, Bachir; Zemour, Kamal; Riazi, Ali
Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology Vol 5 No 1 (2024): Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jaab.05.01.07

The dearth of information surrounding the utilization of Opuntia cladode alkaloids underscores a critical gap in understanding their pharmacological properties and therapeutic potential, emphasizing the need for further comprehensive investigations. The present study aims to investigate the in vitro anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, and antimicrobial activities of alkaloïds belonging to young cladodes (nopals) of inermis Algerian Opuntia ficus indica. The assessed alkaloïds showed a moderate anti-inflammatory effect regarding the BSA protein protection with a maximum of 51.04±1.84 % compared to 84.22±2.38 % for Diclofenac sodium as a positive standard. However, their stabilization of red blood cells membrane against induced hemolysis was greater than Diclofenac (52.38±2.01 % vs 48.97±2.73 %). The two assays had a significant correlation (< 0.05) of 0,968. Nopal alkaloïds extended the coagulation time (1.24 fold) by significantly affecting the exogenous pathway PT only, whilst they were ineffective against the endogenous pathway APTT. Conversely, Algerian nopal alkaloïds had neither bacteriostatic nor bactericide influence at 2 mg ml-1 on Candida albicans yeast or the six tested pathogenic bacterial strains. In perspective, the purification of these Opuntia nopal alkaloïds and understanding their accurate mechanism of action are clearly the strategic steps to illustrate their overall curative potential.

Bio-treatment of Cheese Whey by Black Soldier Fly Larvae (Hermetia illucens) reared in Algeria Hanafi, Tahar; Meziane, Kaci Zoubida; Megateli, Smain; Moussaoui, Badreddine; Guemou, Laid; Reghioui, Bachir
Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology Vol 5 No 1 (2024): Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jaab.05.01.10

Whey, a by-product of cheese industry, poses environmental challenges when discharged untreated. This study aimed to mitigate whey pollution and transform it into value-added products using black soldier fly larvae (BSFL). By investigating whey effects on BSFL growth and performance, an innovative waste management strategy was explored. The five-old-day larvae were fed with four diets; dry spent coffee ground (SCG) as the control diet, while SCG wetted with acid, sweet and fermented whey were the test diets. The results showed that whey types increased significantly (p < 0.05) BSFL growth compared to the control, the dry weight (53.83±0.49 Vs 25.10±0.18 mg/larva), growth rate (1.59±0.06 Vs 0.44±0.01 mg/day) and survival rate (78.83±1.25 Vs 68.50±1.5 %) of larvae and reduced their development time (28.00±01 Vs 37.00±01 day). Furthermore, mixing SCG diet with whey enhanced positively their performance by increasing the waste reduction (26.73±0.81 Vs 16.87±0.37 %), waste reduction index (0.85±0.03 Vs 0.45±0.01 %/day), approximate digestibility (36.49±1.52 Vs 20.29±0.53 %) and bioconversion rate (17.94±0.47 Vs11.65±0.52%). Adding whey to SCG diet increased protein content of BSFL (40.11% vs. 34.18%) and reduced fat (36.06 vs. 37.87 %) in dry mass. Whey also improved the composition of frass by increasing the phosphorus and total nitrogen levels. This approach demonstrates a sustainable solution for dairy industries waste, contributing to the circular economy and offering potential applications in animal feed and fertilizer production.

Improvement of the antioxidant potential: impact of drying and extraction techniques on polyphenols in Arbutus unedo L. leaf aqueous extract Zemour, Kamel; Chouhim, Kadda Mohamed Amine; Labdelli, Amina; Mairif, Mohamed; Ardjane, Tedj Eddine Adda; Moussaoui, Badreddine; Zemour, Hafidh; Laafer, Mohammed
Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology Vol 5 No 1 (2024): Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jaab.05.01.03

The search for alternatives to chemical pharmaceutical products remains an urgent and crucial step for humanity. In this regard, the use of plants presents an ideal approach for such biological studies. Arbutus unedo L., which belongs to the family Ericaceae, is one of the species that holds significant importance in traditional pharmaceutical uses. In Algeria, the use of this species in traditional treatment is generally rare. Therefore, this study aims to highlight its medicinal importance and the proper method for extracting its bioactive elements. To achieve this, the biological activity of leaves including total phenolic content (TPC), DPPH assay, and total flavonoid content (TFC), were assessed under four different drying temperatures (shade-drying, sun-drying, 40°C and 60C°) and two extraction methods after maceration (centrifugation, filtration). The results have indicated that these processes have affected the final accumulation of polyphenols and antioxidant activity in the leaf extracts. Additionally, it has been highlighted that the centrifugation method extracts a higher biochemical amount, especially after drying at 40°C. Furthermore, Arbutus unedo L. leaves should be considered a promising source of natural compounds to be used as ingredients in various fields.

In vitro anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant activities of alkaloïds extracted from nopals of inermis Algerian Opuntia ficus indica (L). Moussaoui, Badreddine; Hanafi, Tahar; Rahali, Abdallah; Guemou, Laid; Reghioui, Bachir; Zemour, Kamal; Riazi, Ali
Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology Vol 5 No 1 (2024): Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jaab.05.01.07

The dearth of information surrounding the utilization of Opuntia cladode alkaloids underscores a critical gap in understanding their pharmacological properties and therapeutic potential, emphasizing the need for further comprehensive investigations. The present study aims to investigate the in vitro anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, and antimicrobial activities of alkaloïds belonging to young cladodes (nopals) of inermis Algerian Opuntia ficus indica. The assessed alkaloïds showed a moderate anti-inflammatory effect regarding the BSA protein protection with a maximum of 51.04±1.84 % compared to 84.22±2.38 % for Diclofenac sodium as a positive standard. However, their stabilization of red blood cells membrane against induced hemolysis was greater than Diclofenac (52.38±2.01 % vs 48.97±2.73 %). The two assays had a significant correlation (< 0.05) of 0,968. Nopal alkaloïds extended the coagulation time (1.24 fold) by significantly affecting the exogenous pathway PT only, whilst they were ineffective against the endogenous pathway APTT. Conversely, Algerian nopal alkaloïds had neither bacteriostatic nor bactericide influence at 2 mg ml-1 on Candida albicans yeast or the six tested pathogenic bacterial strains. In perspective, the purification of these Opuntia nopal alkaloïds and understanding their accurate mechanism of action are clearly the strategic steps to illustrate their overall curative potential.

Bio-treatment of Cheese Whey by Black Soldier Fly Larvae (Hermetia illucens) reared in Algeria Hanafi, Tahar; Meziane, Kaci Zoubida; Megateli, Smain; Moussaoui, Badreddine; Guemou, Laid; Reghioui, Bachir
Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology Vol 5 No 1 (2024): Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jaab.05.01.10

Whey, a by-product of cheese industry, poses environmental challenges when discharged untreated. This study aimed to mitigate whey pollution and transform it into value-added products using black soldier fly larvae (BSFL). By investigating whey effects on BSFL growth and performance, an innovative waste management strategy was explored. The five-old-day larvae were fed with four diets; dry spent coffee ground (SCG) as the control diet, while SCG wetted with acid, sweet and fermented whey were the test diets. The results showed that whey types increased significantly (p < 0.05) BSFL growth compared to the control, the dry weight (53.83±0.49 Vs 25.10±0.18 mg/larva), growth rate (1.59±0.06 Vs 0.44±0.01 mg/day) and survival rate (78.83±1.25 Vs 68.50±1.5 %) of larvae and reduced their development time (28.00±01 Vs 37.00±01 day). Furthermore, mixing SCG diet with whey enhanced positively their performance by increasing the waste reduction (26.73±0.81 Vs 16.87±0.37 %), waste reduction index (0.85±0.03 Vs 0.45±0.01 %/day), approximate digestibility (36.49±1.52 Vs 20.29±0.53 %) and bioconversion rate (17.94±0.47 Vs11.65±0.52%). Adding whey to SCG diet increased protein content of BSFL (40.11% vs. 34.18%) and reduced fat (36.06 vs. 37.87 %) in dry mass. Whey also improved the composition of frass by increasing the phosphorus and total nitrogen levels. This approach demonstrates a sustainable solution for dairy industries waste, contributing to the circular economy and offering potential applications in animal feed and fertilizer production.

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