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All Journal KAPAL Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi Kelautan Jurnal Lemhannas RI International Journal of Renewable Energy Development
Sari, Wanda Rulita
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Humanities Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Systematic Considerations for a Ballast Water Treatment System (BWTS) Retrofits: A Review Sari, Wanda Rulita; Gunawan, Gunawan
Kapal: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi Kelautan Vol 21, No 1 (2024): February
Publisher : Department of Naval Architecture - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/kapal.v21i1.61944

Abstract

As a country that has more than half of the country's total territorial waters, Indonesia is highly dependent on shipping activities. Therefore, knowledge of policy updates for each ship from IMO must also be taken into account, one of which is the policy regarding the Ballast Water Management System, which requires every ship to be installed with a Ballast Water Treatment System in order to achieve the goal of a green environment in voyage areas by inhibiting the spread of microorganisms that endanger the area that is caused by ballast water. This regulatory update then creates problems, especially for ships that have been operating for a long time, because the ship has to comply with the standards for D-1 and then also have to comply with the D-2 standards according to the time specified in the convention. So, this review article will discuss the solution to the issues with retrofitting ballast water treatment systems as the addition of a new system to the existing system on a ship that has sailed and pay attention to conceptual aspects consisting of considerations and operations to find the type of ballast water treatment that suits each ship's needs by analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of each technology type method. There is also consideration for several stages that are commonly used to determine the type of treatment, starting with assessment and planning requirements, selection of space, compliance with BWMS regulations, selection of the ballast water treatment system method, engineering drawing, installation planning, and commissioning. Apart from that, several related innovation considerations were also discussed, including the development of alternative treatment technology, which has the potential for efficiency both in operational aspects and safety standards. Based on research developments, retrofitting the Ballast Water Treatment System with the ultra-violet (UV) treatment is well known as the common treatment beside the electrolysis treatment. The results obtained show that the ultra-violet (UV) method is one of the most efficient treatments when viewed from the way it works and the time duration for the treatment process. This proves that ultra-violet treatment can produce maximum efficiency if the selection of needs and consideration of maximized aspects also exceed the safety aspect as well.
A Review of Systematic Methodologies for Shipyard Facility Layout Design Pambudi, Ghulam Tulus; Gunawan, Gunawan; Muzhoffar, Dimas Angga Fakhri; Sari, Wanda Rulita
Kapal: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi Kelautan Vol 22, No 1 (2025): February
Publisher : Department of Naval Architecture - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/kapal.v22i1.64694

Abstract

The dynamic and complex nature of the shipbuilding industry necessitates efficient facility layout planning to optimize operational efficiency and minimize costs. Traditional layout design approaches, often based on practical experience, fall short of achieving optimal results. This paper reviews three advanced methodologies for shipyard facility layout design: heuristic algorithms, Systematic Layout Planning (SLP), and graph theory. Heuristic algorithms, including genetic algorithms and simulated annealing, offer flexible and rapid solutions but may not always achieve global optimization. SLP provides a structured and methodical approach, ideal for stable environments, yet lacks flexibility in dynamic settings. Graph theory enhances the layout design process by optimizing spatial relationships between facilities through weighted planar graphs. The study highlights the strengths and limitations of each method, with a focus on their impact on material handling costs and overall layout efficiency. Among these, the combination of Genetic Algorithms (GA) and Stochastic Growth Algorithms (SGA) stands out, demonstrating significant reductions in material handling costs, up to 23.1%. The review concludes that while each methodology has its merits, the integration of GA and SGA offers the most robust solution for optimizing shipyard layouts, particularly in complex and large-scale environments. Future research should explore hybrid models that combine these methodologies, incorporating advanced computational techniques and real-time data analytics to create more dynamic and adaptable layout solutions, addressing the evolving needs of the shipbuilding industry.
Hydrogen-rich syngas production of solid waste supercritical water gasification multi-objective process optimization Saputro, Bayu Aji; Surjosatyo, Adi; Sari, Wanda Rulita; Dafiqurrohman, Hafif; Qossam, Izzuddin Al; Lestari, Puspa
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 14, No 4 (2025): July 2025
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2025.60848

Abstract

The increasing population and changing lifestyles have led to significant solid waste accumulation, necessitating efficient waste management to prevent environmental and health issues. Supercritical water gasification (SCWG) is an effective method for converting high-moisture biomass into hydrogen-rich syngas, operating at temperatures above 374°C and pressures above 490MPa. The objective of this study was to develop and validate an integrated modeling and multi-objective optimization framework, combining Response Surface Methodology (RSM), Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), and Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm (MOGA) to maximize hydrogen-rich syngas production from municipal solid waste through SCWG. The research models and predicts the effects of feed concentration, residence time, and reaction temperature on hydrogen yield, lower heating value (LHV), and gas yield. The integrated RSM and ANN models demonstrated high predictive accuracy with R² values exceeding 0.95. Optimization results from MOGA identified optimal parameters: a feed concentration of 2%, a reaction temperature between 490-495°C, and a residence time of 80 minutes. These conditions achieved H2 selectivity of 84.73%, an LHV of 6.95 MJ/Nm³, and a gas yield of 29.7%. The findings highlight the dominant influence of reaction temperature and residence time on hydrogen production, while feed concentration requires careful balance for optimal syngas quality. This study demonstrates that the combined use of RSM, ANN, and MOGA provides an effective framework for optimizing SCWG processes, offering practical insights for industrial-scale applications. Future research should explore additional variables such as biomass composition, pressure, and catalysts to enhance the efficiency and sustainability of hydrogen production from solid waste, supporting SCWG as a viable technology for sustainable energy production and effective waste management.
Ship Recycling in Indonesia: Regulatory Gaps and Environmental Impacts Sari, Wanda Rulita; Darojat, Amira Jasmine Salsabila
Jurnal Lemhannas RI Vol 13 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Lembaga Ketahanan Nasional Republik Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55960/jlri.v13i1.1067

Abstract

Purpose: This study examines Indonesia's challenges in establishing safe and environmentally sound ship recycling practices aligned with national regulations and the Hong Kong Convention. It identifies discrepancies between existing regulations and current industry practices, proposing actionable recommendations for improvement. Study Design/Methodology/Approach: This study used a qualitative approach, conducting a comprehensive literature review. This involved analysing national and international ship recycling regulations and evaluating Indonesian ship recycling practices for compliance with safety and environmental standards. Findings: Significant regulatory gaps persist in Indonesia's ship recycling industry, leading to widespread non-compliance with international standards. Prevalent hazardous practices, including beaching and inadequate waste management, pose substantial risks to both workers and the environment. Furthermore, deficient infrastructure and weak enforcement exacerbate these issues, underscoring an urgent need for regulatory reform.Originality/Value: This study emphasises the urgency of ship recycling modernisation as part of strengthening Indonesia’s National Resilience through the Astagatra framework, including Geography (maritime territorial protection), Demography (safety of shipyard workers), Natural Resources (hazardous waste and material reuse), as well as the Pancagatra dimensions of ideology, politics, economy, socio-culture, defence, and security. This research offers original insights into Indonesia's ship recycling sector, highlighting the critical need for facility modernisation, enhanced enforcement, and regulatory alignment with international standards. Future research should investigate the feasibility of green ship recycling technologies and public-private partnerships to advance industry sustainability.
Co-Authors Adi Surjosatyo Dafiqurrohman, Hafif Darojat, Amira Jasmine Salsabila Gunawan Gunawan Lestari, Puspa Muzhoffar, Dimas Angga Fakhri Pambudi, Ghulam Tulus Qossam, Izzuddin Al Saputro, Bayu Aji