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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Narra J
Kamarullah, William
Unknown Affiliation
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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POTENCY OF LUTEOLIN WITH SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLE (SLN)-POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL (PEG) MODIFICATION FOR ARTEMISININ-RESISTANT PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM INFECTION Kamarullah, William; Indrajaya, Erika; Emmanuella, Janice
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 7 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (535.493 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v7i3.6726

Abstract

Falciparum malaria is still considered as one of the important global health problems and its causal agent (Plasmodium falciparum) is reported to be the third most common factor for contributing the number of deaths in the world. As we all know, Artemisinins arethe most rapidly acting of currently available antimalarial drugs. Along with Artesunate, these two combining drugs, the so-called Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) has become the foundation of modern falciparum malaria treatment globally. Nowadays, however, there have been reports about intricate cases of resistance against Artemisinin in various Southeast Asian countries and it is predicted to spread over several other countries, including Indonesia. Therefore, adjuvant therapy is required along with first-line therapy administration to help eradicate both Artemisinin-sensitive and resistant P. falciparum. Luteolin in vitro has a prospective inhibitory activity (IC50<50 μg) in inhibiting the development of parasite's life cycle. Nonetheless, its poor bioavailability and pharmacokinetics restrict clinical application. The low bioavailability of luteolin requires encapsulation using solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) and polyethylene glycol (PEG). SLN is useful for improving the bioavailability of luteolin in the body, whereas PEG is needed in order to prevent the destruction of luteolin-SLN substance by the reticuloendothelial system. Here in this literature review, we're trying to demonstrate the benefits, potential, way of constructions, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of luteolin encapsulated with SLN with PEG modification. Thus, it is hoped that the results of this literature study may encourage further research in assisting the development of adjuvant therapy for cases of Artemisinin-resistant P. falciparum infection.
Association between triglyceride-glucose index and hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis Lukito, Antonia A.; Kamarullah, William; Huang, Ian; Pranata, Raymond
Narra J Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): August 2024
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v4i2.951

Abstract

The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a simple and reliable indicator of insulin resistance, which is an important contributor to the development of hypertension. The aim of this meta-analysis was to determine the dose-response association between the TyG index and the incidence of hypertension. An extensive search was conducted through several databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, ScienceDirect, and Scopus until June 1, 2024. The TyG index was used as the exposure, and the incidence of hypertension was measured throughout the TyG index intervals. The effect estimates were presented as odds ratios (OR) in both the unadjusted and adjusted models. Adjusted OR were carried out from all included studies to eliminate the possibility of confounding factors being involved in the incidence of hypertension. A total of 108.936 participants (mean age: 48.2 years old, male sex: 47%, mean body mass index: 23.9 kg/m2) from 14 observational studies were included. The TyG index in the most eminent category was related to a higher risk of hypertension in both unadjusted (OR: 2.59, 95%CI: 2.03–3.31, p<0.001; I2: 97.1%, p<0.001) and adjusted model (OR: 1.74, 95%CI: 1.39–2.19, p<0.001; I2: 92.2%, p<0.001). Dose-response meta-analysis for the adjusted OR showed that the linear association analysis was not significant per 0.1 increase in the TyG index. The dose-response curve became increasingly steeper at the TyG index above 8.5. In conclusion, the TyG index was shown to be strongly linked with hypertension in a non-linear dose-response manner.
Co-Authors Emmanuella, Janice Huang, Ian Indrajaya, Erika Lukito, Antonia A. Pranata, Raymond