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Formulation and in-vitro anticancer activity of nilotinib immediate release and ibrutinib sustained release pellets Gupta, Vishal; Gupta, Jitendra
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69857/joapr.v12i4.571

Abstract

Background: Blood cancer is a significant contributor to mortality rates worldwide, and its prevalence is projected to rise on a global scale. This trend places considerable strain on healthcare systems and necessitates the expedited development of innovative treatments by pharmaceutical firms to remain competitive. Conventional pellets produce rapid plasma drug levels, but they might cause side effects, decrease effectiveness, and lead to poor therapeutic management. Ibrutinib and Nilotinib are employed to treat leukemia patients. Methodology: The current research aims to formulate, characterize, and anticancer effect of Nilotinib immediate release (NIR) and Ibrutinib sustained release (ISR) seal sugar-coated pellets. Micrometric properties estimated the characterization of the drug pellets, and surface morphology was estimated using scanning electron microscopy. Drug excipient compatibility studies, stability studies, and in-vitro drug release were accessed. Result & Discussion: The results of pellet formulations FNI-1 to FNI-5 showed that FNI-5 formulations showed 100±6.0 µm size and possessed excellent mechanical strength for giving pellets a good self-life; also, due to the higher drug content up to 99%, FNI-5 was the best suited for pellet formulation and because NIR showed 99.18 ± 2.12 drug release at 2h and ISR 99.03±3.74% up to 12h so that anticancer concentration maintained for prolonged period. The standard dose for cytotoxicity against the THP-1 cell line of Nilotinib was found to be 200 mg, and the maintenance oral dose of Ibrutinib was 140mg, with four times the intake of the drug up to 560 mg.  In an in vitro study in FNI-5 (final formulation), the dose of Ibrutinib was reduced to 420 mg. Conclusion: A synergistic effect of Ibrutinib and nilotinib drugs was observed in the inhibition of cancer cell growth, with an IC50 value of 4.585 µg/mL
Existence of Fixed Points in Neutrosophic Bipolar Fuzzy Metric Spaces with Application Gupta, Vishal; Anju, Anju; Thakur, Deepti; Sehgal, Ishit
Journal of the Indonesian Mathematical Society Vol. 31 No. 3 (2025): SEPTEMBER
Publisher : IndoMS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22342/jims.v31i3.1601

Abstract

In this paper, we aim to introduce and explain the concept of neutrosophic fuzzy bipolar metric spaces and provide some fixed point results in this new setting. Additionally, we give a detailed presentation of the proof of fixed point theorems using covariant maps, showing how our findings extend and generalize those established in the existing body of literature. The derived results are supported with a suitable example and an application.
Teacher Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge and Skills (TPCK-S) and Student Cognitive Agency: Determinants of Deep Learning Outcomes in Immersive Geometry Instruction Salmawati; Kaharuddin, Andi; Syam, Nurfaidah; Gupta, Vishal
Jurnal Kependidikan : Jurnal Hasil Penelitian dan Kajian Kepustakaan di Bidang Pendidikan, Pengajaran, dan Pembelajaran Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026): March (IN PRESS)
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/jk.v12i1.19264

Abstract

This study aims to investigates the determinants of student success in hologram-enhanced geometry classrooms by examining the mediating role of teachers' Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge and Skills (TPCK-S). Employing a Sequential Explanatory Mixed-Methods Design, this research analyzed data from 12 secondary mathematics teachers (purposively sampled) and 248 Grade 8 students from four public schools implementing the national 'Kurikulum Merdeka' in a provincial capital city in Indonesia. Quantitative analysis utilizing Spearman’s rank-order correlation revealed a robust positive revealed a robust positive relationship (r = 0.78, p = 0.002) between teacher performative skills and student deep learning achievement. To explain this statistical link, a qualitative phase involving classroom observations and semi-structured interviews was conducted with four teachers selected through extreme case sampling. The findings illuminate a "Flywheel Mechanism," demonstrating that high-TPCK-S teachers act as "Pedagogical Orchestrators" who effectively transfer "Cognitive Agency" to students. This agency characterized by student-led hypothesis testing and spatial reasoning is identified as the primary driver of deep conceptual understanding. Conversely, low TPCK-S results in passive student observation. These results suggest that educational development must shift focus from mere technology procurement to the cultivation of teachers' orchestration skills.