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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Innovation and Applied Sciences (IJIAS)
Mohammed, Umar Aminu
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Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Mathematics Social Sciences

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Assessment of Some Heavy Metals and Pesticide Residues in Soil, Sediment, Clarias gariepinus and Oryza sativa Cultivated in Some Selected Agricultural Sites of Bauchi State, Nigeria Mohammed, Umar Aminu; Kolo, Babagana; Shehu, Aishatu Aliyu; Hassan, Halima
Indonesian Journal of Innovation and Applied Sciences (IJIAS) Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): June-September
Publisher : CV. Literasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47540/ijias.v4i2.1356

Abstract

Living organisms especially human beings get exposed to harmful substances such as heavy metals through the plants and animals we consume. Human sources of food like Oryza sativa and Clarias gariepinus get contaminated by the soil as a result of pesticides used by farmers. This study aimed to determine heavy metals levels and pesticide residue in soil, sediment, Oryza sativa, and Clarias gariepinus in three locations namely, Gadau, Jama’are, and Zabi (Giade LGA) in Bauchi State Nigeria. Samples of Soil, sediments, Oryza sativa, and Clarias gariepinus were collected at three different locations namely Gadau, Zabi, and Jamaare, to assess the level of some heavy metals and pesticide residues. The heavy metals present were detected in this order Zn>As>Pd>Cd>Cr>Ni in soil, sediment, Oryza sativa, and Clarias gariepinus respectively. The detected heavy metals were higher than the WHO/FAO recommended maximum tolerance values in three locations in this study. Among the active residues observed Abamectin and Dichlovos were more active compared to others with a 1- >5ppm range. The presence of these harmful substances in the environment is of serious concern to human health. This study recommends strict regulations on the use of pesticides for food crops and fish in the study area.
Ethnopharmacological insights into tropical medicinal plants: biodiversity, bioactive compounds, and therapeutic potential for modern drug discovery Mohammed, Umar Aminu; Abdullahi, Kamal; Zigau, Zainab Auwal; Mukhtar, Amina; Mustapha, Aisha
Indonesian Journal of Innovation and Applied Sciences (IJIAS) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): February-May
Publisher : CV. Literasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47540/ijias.v6i1.2572

Abstract

Recent scholarly debates on equitable bioprospecting, intensified since the 2010 Nagoya Protocol, have exposed a critical gap in linking tropical plant biodiversity to validated pharmacological outcomes, particularly where habitat degradation accelerates species loss. Hitherto, ethnobotanical knowledge from the Amazon, Congo, and Southeast Asian basins regions dominated by Asteraceae, Rubiaceae, and Fabaceae has informed drug leads, yet systematic validation lags. This review, adhering to PRISMA-ScR standards, screened a lot of peer-reviewed records (2015–2026) via dual-independent extraction, yielding several studies on plant species with medicinal properties. Indigenous applications, such as Artemisia annua against malaria or Momordica charantia for glycemic control, find partial backing from in vitro assays and select rodent models. Alkaloids like quinine (Cinchona spp.), terpenoids including artemisinin, alongside flavonoids and phenolics, disrupt cancer proliferation, thwart microbial resistance, and mitigate neurodegeneration, evidence drawn from cytotoxicity screens, antimicrobial MICs, and sparse phase I trials. Paradoxically, synergies among co-occurring metabolites enhance efficacy, even as dose-dependent toxicities undermine safety profiles. These patterns challenge reductionist models of single-compound pharmacology, refining instead polyvalent synergy theories contingent upon extraction fidelity. Notwithstanding ethical frictions in benefit-sharing and intellectual property disputes, sustainability threats from anthropogenic deforestation loom large. Bridging ethnobotanical assertions to mechanistic proof demands interdisciplinary conservation pharmacology. Urgent action secures these reservoirs for novel agents.
Co-Authors Abdullahi, Kamal Hassan, Halima Kolo, Babagana Mukhtar, Amina Mustapha, Aisha Shehu, Aishatu Aliyu Zigau, Zainab Auwal