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All Journal Industrial and Domestic Waste Management International Research Journal of Business Studies
Kumar, Ravinder
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Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Engineering Environmental Science Social Sciences

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Municipal Wastewater Treatment Technologies in Malaysia: A Short Review Kristanti, Risky Ayu; Bunrith, Seng; Kumar, Ravinder; Mohamed, Abdelrahim Omar
Industrial and Domestic Waste Management Volume 3 - Issue 1 - 2023
Publisher : Tecno Scientifica Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53623/idwm.v3i1.243

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate different municipal wastewater treatment technologies for commercial use and develop an optimized system for a case study plant and future plant designs. Municipal wastewater, classified as a low-strength waste stream, can be treated using aerobic and anaerobic reactor systems or a combination of both. Aerobic systems are suitable for low-strength wastewaters, while anaerobic systems are suitable for high-strength wastewaters. Malaysia has actively implemented various wastewater treatment technologies to address the increasing demand for clean water and reduce environmental pollution. Some commonly used technologies in Malaysia include Activated Sludge Process (ASP), Membrane Bioreactor (MBR), and Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR). These technologies show promise in removing emerging pollutants, such as pharmaceuticals and personal care products, which are not effectively eliminated by conventional treatment methods. Additionally, Malaysia could consider investing in renewable energy sources like solar and wind to power wastewater treatment plants, thereby reducing reliance on non-renewable energy and supporting sustainable development. It is also important to emphasize continued public awareness and education initiatives to promote responsible wastewater disposal practices and environmental stewardship.
Reaction of Indian Gold Exchange Traded Funds to Covid-19 Cases and Fatalities Gaba, Ashima; Kumar, Ravinder
International Research Journal of Business Studies Vol. 14 No. 3 (2021): December 2021-March 2022
Publisher : Universitas Prasetiya Mulya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21632/irjbs.14.3.187-198

Abstract

Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs) are recently popularised new form of financial market instruments that provide benefit of both mutual funds and stocks. Present study investigated if there exists any difference between the average returns of selected Gold ETFs during Covid-19 era against pre Covid-19 era and subsequently analysed the long term and short term impact of new Covid-19 cases and fatalities on returns of Gold ETFs through Auto-regressive distributed lag (ARDL) model. It has been observed that in long term new Covid-19 cases had positive and significant impact on the returns of ETFs while new fatalities had significant negative impact on the returns of all the Gold ETFs except for BSLGOLD ETF. Short-run relationship between dependent and independent variables was in contrast to the long-term relationship
Co-Authors Bunrith, Seng Gaba, Ashima Mohamed, Abdelrahim Omar Risky Ayu Kristanti