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All Journal Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences
Abd Manan, Fazilah
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science

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Effects of Different Zinc and Copper Concentrations in Soil on Morphological and Biochemical Properties of Ipomea aquatica: Zinc and Copper Effects on Ipomoea aquatica Abd Manan, Fazilah; Ridzuan, Raihana; Henisi, Jessica; Prabakaran, Ashwini Nair
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 13 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.13.03.15

Abstract

Zinc and copper pollution in agricultural lands due to anthropogenic activities has become a major environmental problem. While these metals are essential for plant growth, their excessive presence can lead to plant toxicity. This experiment aimed to investigate the effects of different concentrations of zinc and copper (0, 100, 200, and 300 ppm) in soil on the morphological and biochemical properties of I. aquatica, commonly known as water spinach. The morphological properties, including plant height, number of leaves, and stem diameter, were assessed, along with soil pH and electrical conductivity (EC). Biochemical properties, specifically the Total Phenolic Content (TPC) and Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) in plant tissues, were measured using colorimetric assays. The results revealed significant morphological changes in plant height, stem diameter, and number of leaves at 200 ppm zinc treatment compared to the control. Additionally, the number of leaves significantly increased at the 100 ppm copper treatment, while the stem diameter decreased significantly at 300 ppm. Both zinc and copper treatments slightly reduced soil pH and increased soil EC. At the 300 ppm treatment, substantial changes in phenolic and flavonoid contents were observed in the stems and leaves of I. aquatica. Copper treatment at 200 ppm increased the TPC of leaves, while 100 ppm copper treatment increased the TFC of stems. Furthermore, the 300 ppm zinc treatment significantly increased the TPC and TFC in stems and leaves. These findings indicate that zinc and copper concentrations have notable effects on the morphological and biochemical properties of I. aquatica. Therefore, it is crucial to maintain an appropriate balance of these metal elements to cultivate plants that are morphologically and physiologically resilient.
Effect of Agrodyke Foliar Application on Growth and Yield of Two Varieties of Capsicum annuum: Foliar Application on Chili Growth and Yield Mazli, Nurul Ain; Abd Manan, Fazilah; Sarobo, Zulaikha; Ridzuan, Raihana
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.03.16

Abstract

Capsicum annuum is one of the most popular chili species cultivated and has become an important commodity crop in Malaysia. To overcome the shortage of Capsicum supply, foliar application can be utilized to increase chili yields. Foliar application requires only a minimal amount for effective use, rectifies nutrient deficiencies, and stimulates a rapid growth response. This research studied the effect of Agrodyke foliar fertilizer on the growth and yield of two varieties of C. annuum. Three treatments were applied to each chili variety, T0: control (no foliar application); T1: once a week (3 g/L) and T2: twice a week (3 g/L). The foliar application was initiated four weeks after germination. The results showed that Agrodyke foliar application at T2 resulted in the highest plant height (84.3 ± 3.9 cm) and stem diameter (1.3 ± 0.0 cm) for the Solok variety. For chlorophyll content, Agrodyke foliar application at T2 showed the highest levels in both Solok and Kulai varieties (67.3 ± 0.8 SPAD value and 67.4 ± 2.8 SPAD value, respectively). For individual fruit weight, Agrodyke foliar application at T2 in the Solok variety showed the highest weight (22.9 ± 2.1 g). In terms of fruit yield, Agrodyke foliar application at T1 in the Kulai variety produced the highest yield (123.3 ± 16.9 g). Furthermore, certain growth and yield attributes were positively correlated. Therefore, it can be concluded that Agrodyke foliar application at T2 provided better growth performance in terms of plant height and stem diameter for the Solok variety compared to the Kulai variety.
Effects of Different Zinc and Copper Concentrations in Soil on Morphological and Biochemical Properties of Ipomea aquatica: Zinc and Copper Effects on Ipomoea aquatica Abd Manan, Fazilah; Ridzuan, Raihana; Henisi, Jessica; Prabakaran, Ashwini Nair
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 13 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.13.03.15

Abstract

Zinc and copper pollution in agricultural lands due to anthropogenic activities has become a major environmental problem. While these metals are essential for plant growth, their excessive presence can lead to plant toxicity. This experiment aimed to investigate the effects of different concentrations of zinc and copper (0, 100, 200, and 300 ppm) in soil on the morphological and biochemical properties of I. aquatica, commonly known as water spinach. The morphological properties, including plant height, number of leaves, and stem diameter, were assessed, along with soil pH and electrical conductivity (EC). Biochemical properties, specifically the Total Phenolic Content (TPC) and Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) in plant tissues, were measured using colorimetric assays. The results revealed significant morphological changes in plant height, stem diameter, and number of leaves at 200 ppm zinc treatment compared to the control. Additionally, the number of leaves significantly increased at the 100 ppm copper treatment, while the stem diameter decreased significantly at 300 ppm. Both zinc and copper treatments slightly reduced soil pH and increased soil EC. At the 300 ppm treatment, substantial changes in phenolic and flavonoid contents were observed in the stems and leaves of I. aquatica. Copper treatment at 200 ppm increased the TPC of leaves, while 100 ppm copper treatment increased the TFC of stems. Furthermore, the 300 ppm zinc treatment significantly increased the TPC and TFC in stems and leaves. These findings indicate that zinc and copper concentrations have notable effects on the morphological and biochemical properties of I. aquatica. Therefore, it is crucial to maintain an appropriate balance of these metal elements to cultivate plants that are morphologically and physiologically resilient.
Co-Authors Henisi, Jessica Mazli, Nurul Ain Prabakaran, Ashwini Nair Ridzuan, Raihana Sarobo, Zulaikha