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All Journal Journal of Islamic Education Management Proceeding International Conference on Education
Marzuqi, Badrul Munir
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Religion Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Education Library & Information Science Social Sciences Other

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Perkembangan Kurikulum Pendidikan Di Indonesia: Prinsip Dan Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Marzuqi, Badrul Munir; Ahid, Nur
JoIEM (Journal of Islamic Education Management) Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat IAIN Kediri

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30762/joiem.v4i2.1284

Abstract

Abstract The curriculum is a key in the implementation of educational activities because it relates to determining the direction, content and process of education, which ultimately determines the types and qualifications of graduates of an educational institution. Curriculum development is a must as a form of positive-conceptual response considering the influence of scientific and technological developments, which are in line with the increasingly complex developments of the era. History records that there were eleven changes to the post-independence Indonesian curriculum, starting from the 1947 lesson plan curriculum, then the 1952 unraveled lesson plan curriculum, the 1964 education plan curriculum, the 1968 curriculum, the 1975 curriculum with the term unit of study, the 1984 curriculum with the CBSA concept, the 1994 curriculum, the 2004 KBK curriculum, the KTSP curriculum, the 2013 curriculum and most recently the independent curriculum. Curriculum development must be based on principles that include general principles in the form of principles of relevance, flexibility, effectiveness, efficiency, continuity, goal-oriented, lifelong education, synchronization, integrity, objectivity, and democracy. Specific principles include setting goals, content, learning experiences, and assessment. Factors that influence curriculum development include university factors, community factors and societal values ​​or norms. In addition, there are philosophical, psychological, socio-cultural, political, state development and world development, as well as science and technology factors. Abstrak Kurikulum merupakan sebuah kunci dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan pendidikan karena berkaitan dengan penentuan arah, isi dan proses pendidikan yang pada akhirnya menentukan macam dan kualifikasi lulusan suatu lembaga pendidikan. Pengembangan kurikulum merupakan satu keharusan sebagai bentuk respon positif-konseptual mengingat pengaruh perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi yang sejalan dengan perkembangan zaman yang semakin kompleks. Sejarah mencatat ada sebelas kali perubahan kurikulum pasca kemerdekaan Indonesia, mulai dari kurikulum rencana pelajaran 1947, kemudian menjadi kurikulum rencana pelajaran terurai 1952, kurikulum rencana pendidikan 1964, kurikulum 1968, kurikulum 1975 dengan istilah satuan pelajaran nya, kurikulum 1984 dengan konsep CBSA, kurikulum 1994, kurikulum KBK tahun 2004, kurikulum KTSP, Kurikulum 2013 dan yang terbaru kurikulum merdeka. Pengembangan kurikulum harus berdasarkan pada prinsip-prinsip yang meliputi prinsip-prinsip umum berupa prinsip relevansi, fleksibilitas, efektivitas, efisiensi, kontinuitas, berorientasi pada tujuan, pendidikan seumur hidup, sinkronisasi, integritas, objektivitas, demokrasi. Prinsip khusus meliputi penyusunan tujuan, isi, pengalaman belajar, dan penilaian. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pengembangan kurikulum diantaranya faktor perguruan tinggi, faktor masyarakat dan faktor nilai atau norma masyarakat. Selain itu ada faktor filosofis, psikologis, sosial budaya, politik, pembangunan negara dan perkembangan dunia, serta ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi.
Merdeka Belajar Policy to Improve the Quality of Education Marzuqi, Badrul Munir; Arifah, Siti Latif
Proceeding International Conference on Education Volume 03, Agustus Tahun 2025: International Conference on Education
Publisher : Faculty of Tarbiyah, Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Kediri, Indonesia

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Abstract

"Bebas Belajar" is a new policy program of the Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia, initiated by Minister of Education and Culture Nadiem Anwar Makarim. Nadiem has a reason for pursuing an independent learning policy. The 2019 Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) showed that Indonesian students ranked sixth from the bottom; Indonesia ranked 74th out of 79 countries in mathematics and literacy. There are four main points of the new policy of the Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia, namely: 1) The National Examination (UN) is replaced by the Minimum Competency Assessment and Character Survey. 2) The National Standardized School Examination (USBN) is handed over to schools. 3) Simplification of the Learning Implementation Plan (RPP). 4) Expansion of the zoning system in the admission of new students (PPDB). The characteristics of independent learning include: 1) Development of Soft Skills and Character. 2) Focus on essential materials. 3) Flexible learning. The implementation of independent learning is applied in three options, namely: 1) Independent learning. 2) Independent change. 3) Independent sharing. Implementation of independent learning To be effective and appropriate in its implementation, thorough preparation is needed, including the capacity of human resources must also be prepared as well as possible by gaining complete knowledge about the independent learning policy through the socialization process, gradually but continuously improving teaching methods by introducing student-friendly learning strategies, improving the pedagogical quality of teachers and changing the way of thinking and old paradigms of teachers. The independent campus policy is a continuation of the independent learning concept. The MBKM policy includes: 1) Collaboration Mechanism between PTKIS and Study Programs with external parties. 2) Acceleration of PTN Go International with the PTN Legal Entity (PTN-BH) policy. 3) Internship Mechanism Outside the Study Program.
Perkembangan Kurikulum Pendidikan Di Indonesia: Prinsip Dan Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Marzuqi, Badrul Munir; Ahid, Nur
JoIEM (Journal of Islamic Education Management) Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat IAIN Kediri

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30762/joiem.v4i2.1284

Abstract

Abstract The curriculum is a key in the implementation of educational activities because it relates to determining the direction, content and process of education, which ultimately determines the types and qualifications of graduates of an educational institution. Curriculum development is a must as a form of positive-conceptual response considering the influence of scientific and technological developments, which are in line with the increasingly complex developments of the era. History records that there were eleven changes to the post-independence Indonesian curriculum, starting from the 1947 lesson plan curriculum, then the 1952 unraveled lesson plan curriculum, the 1964 education plan curriculum, the 1968 curriculum, the 1975 curriculum with the term unit of study, the 1984 curriculum with the CBSA concept, the 1994 curriculum, the 2004 KBK curriculum, the KTSP curriculum, the 2013 curriculum and most recently the independent curriculum. Curriculum development must be based on principles that include general principles in the form of principles of relevance, flexibility, effectiveness, efficiency, continuity, goal-oriented, lifelong education, synchronization, integrity, objectivity, and democracy. Specific principles include setting goals, content, learning experiences, and assessment. Factors that influence curriculum development include university factors, community factors and societal values ​​or norms. In addition, there are philosophical, psychological, socio-cultural, political, state development and world development, as well as science and technology factors. Abstrak Kurikulum merupakan sebuah kunci dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan pendidikan karena berkaitan dengan penentuan arah, isi dan proses pendidikan yang pada akhirnya menentukan macam dan kualifikasi lulusan suatu lembaga pendidikan. Pengembangan kurikulum merupakan satu keharusan sebagai bentuk respon positif-konseptual mengingat pengaruh perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi yang sejalan dengan perkembangan zaman yang semakin kompleks. Sejarah mencatat ada sebelas kali perubahan kurikulum pasca kemerdekaan Indonesia, mulai dari kurikulum rencana pelajaran 1947, kemudian menjadi kurikulum rencana pelajaran terurai 1952, kurikulum rencana pendidikan 1964, kurikulum 1968, kurikulum 1975 dengan istilah satuan pelajaran nya, kurikulum 1984 dengan konsep CBSA, kurikulum 1994, kurikulum KBK tahun 2004, kurikulum KTSP, Kurikulum 2013 dan yang terbaru kurikulum merdeka. Pengembangan kurikulum harus berdasarkan pada prinsip-prinsip yang meliputi prinsip-prinsip umum berupa prinsip relevansi, fleksibilitas, efektivitas, efisiensi, kontinuitas, berorientasi pada tujuan, pendidikan seumur hidup, sinkronisasi, integritas, objektivitas, demokrasi. Prinsip khusus meliputi penyusunan tujuan, isi, pengalaman belajar, dan penilaian. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pengembangan kurikulum diantaranya faktor perguruan tinggi, faktor masyarakat dan faktor nilai atau norma masyarakat. Selain itu ada faktor filosofis, psikologis, sosial budaya, politik, pembangunan negara dan perkembangan dunia, serta ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi.
Co-Authors Arifah, Siti Latif Nur Ahid