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Prabowo, Hilmi
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Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa Larangan Ekspor Nikel Indonesia Di WTO Prabowo, Hilmi
PROGRESIF: Jurnal Hukum Vol 18 No 1 (2024): PROGRESIF: Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Bangka Belitung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33019/progresif.v18i1.4209

Abstract

Indonesia has been sued by the European Union for the nickel ore ban form 1 January 2020. That Export Prohibition has done because Indonesia want to downsteraming the nickel by not exporting nickel ore as raw material, but as electrical car battery. European Union feel being aggrieved by that policy. Indonesia has been defeated in the Panel investigation process and appealing to the WTO Appellate Body. WTO is a world trade organization that is actually created to smooth the interests of developed countries, but developing countries WTO members also make various efforts so that the WTO system also provides justice for developing countries so that there is a tug-of-war between developed and developing countries in the WTO. Indonesia's case against the European Union in the nickel export ban dispute is an example of a conflict of interest between developed countries and developing countries within the WTO. WTO rules decides if the Appeal result has been reported mean the result should be obeyed, that mean if Indonesia lose Appeal Indonesia should export nickel ore as raw material again. There is still a chance for Indonesia to win this dispute, but to avoid defeat in order to avoiding defeat Indonesia can choose ways in the WTO Dispute Settlement System. Those ways are Mutually Agreed Solutions, Good Offices, Conciliation, Mediation, and Arbitratio in Pursuant to the Article 25.1 of the DSU.
Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa Larangan Ekspor Nikel Indonesia Di WTO Prabowo, Hilmi
PROGRESIF: Jurnal Hukum Vol 18 No 1 (2024): PROGRESIF: Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Bangka Belitung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33019/progresif.v18i1.4209

Abstract

Indonesia telah digugat oleh Uni Eropa berkaitan dengan adanya pelarangan ekspor bijih nikel mulai 1 Januari 2020. Pelarangan ekspor itu dilakukan karena Indonesia akan melakukan hilirisasi nikel, dengan tidak mengekspor bijih nikel sebagai bahan mentah, namun menggolahnya menjadi baterai mobil listrik. Uni Eropa merasa dirugikan oleh kebijakan tersebut. Indonesia telah kalah pada tahapan pemeriksaan panel dan mengajukan banding ke Appellate Body WTO. WTO adalah organisasi perdagangan dunia yang sebenarnya dibuat untuk memuluskan kepentingan negara-negara maju, namun negara-negara berkembang anggota WTO juga melakukan berbagai upaya agar sistem WTO juga memberikan keadilan bagi negara berkembang sehingga terjadi tarik ulur antara negara maju dan negara berkembang di dalam WTO. Kasus Indonesia melawan Uni Eropa dalam sengketa pelarangan ekspor nikel adalah contoh konflik kepentingan antara negara maju melawan negara berkembang di dalam WTO. Menurut peraturan WTO jika hasil banding sudah diadopsi oleh Panel, maka harus ditaati, artinya apabila Indonesia kalah, maka Indonesia harus mengizinkan kembali ekspor bijih nikel sebagai bahan mentah. Masih terdapat peluang bagi Indonesia untuk memenangkan sengketa ini, namun untuk menghindari kekalahan, Indonesia dapat memilih cara lain yang ada di dalam mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa WTO. Cara-cara tersebut adalah Mutually agreed solutions, Good Offices, Conciliation, Mediation, serta Arbitration sesuai Pasal 25.1 DSU.
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